Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer Nature Singapore

This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Fluid Flow and Thermal Sciences (ICAFFTS 2021) and summarizes the modern research practices in fluid dynamics and fluid power. The content of the book involves advanced topics on turbulence, droplet deposition, oscillating flows, wave breaking, spray structure and its atomization and flow patterns in mini and micro channels. Technological concerns relevant to erosion of steam turbine blade due to droplets, influence of baffle cut and baffle pitch on flow regime, bubble formation and propagation in pool boiling, design optimization of flow regulating valves are included in the book. In addition, recent trends in small-scale hydropower plant and flow stability issues in nanofluids, solar water heating systems and closed-loop pulsating heat pipes are discussed. Special topics on airflow pattern in railway coach and vortex tube are also included. This book will be a reliable reference for academicians, researchers and professionals working in the areas of fluid dynamics and fluid power.

Digital ecosystems formed on the basis of digital platforms are significantly transforming modern reality. Today it is difficult to imagine life without LinkedIn, Facebook, or Amazon. The total income generated by them is estimated at trillions of dollars. Digital platforms are the main driving force of the digital economy. The impact and growth of digital platforms on social and economic processes today is difficult to overestimate. The pandemic has further deepened their influence on society, as almost all social communication and economic activity has moved to online format on digital platforms. The growth of the share of digital platforms in various segments of the economy was so rapid that regulators around the world were not ready for such large-scale transformations. All this has caused a number of crisis phenomena, when IT giants have grown into an independent branch of ¿power¿, which has direct access to the personal and financial data of millions of citizens, and moreover,have the opportunity to directly influence them. This monograph is a unique publication in which, for the first time, a large-scale and sufficiently deep team of experts and scientists from various countries of the world studied in detail the multidimensional phenomenon of the ¿platform economy¿ and the measures taken by states to regulate these processes. The book will be interesting to a wide range of readers interested in the problems of the development of digital platforms and the developing branch of law and science ¿ the law of digital platforms.

The edited volume advocates for teaching systemic ethics as a form of life-long learning within nature's classroom to support social and environmental justice. This book also explains critical systemic thinking as both an individual and a collective responsibility through many ways of knowing spanning the arts and sciences to inspire creativity.This volume contributes to theory and practice by making suggestions as to how to re-frame the content, structure and process of education for transformation. This volume makes a case for a more relational understanding of human beings and other species. This volume also explores a more integrated curriculum where learners are given the opportunity to explore many ways of knowing and learning to earn, learn and grow a future through circular economies, co-operatives and learning communities. This book highlights how the models of sustainable development focus on education for wellbeing in line with the UNESCO approach outlined in 2021 that emphasizes the systemic nature of education rooted in protecting the environment and supported by the participation of active global citizens.This volume demonstrates transformation of our thinking and practice is overdue and calls for changing the narrative through our standing together and redesigning systems of education to prioritize a more holistic worldview that embraces the planet and living systems. The focus of this volume is on values, perspectives and ways to make a difference through addressing a range of practical concerns, such as: food, energy and water security.Ontologically the editors' perspective is shaped by recognising kinship with nature, as expressed by Indigenous custodians. Epistemologically the editors and contributors to this volume explore ways to enhance education based on working across cultures and disciplines using a cross cultural approach and mixed methodology. Axiologically the editors support the notion of transformative research that promotes balancing non-anthropocentrism with an approach that draws on Indigenous wisdom whilst addressing patriarchal notions through gender mainstreaming.

The book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Materials, Design and Manufacturing (ICMDMSE 2022). The book covers recent trends in design and manufacturing practices relating to sustainability. Various topics covered in this book include materials design for sustainability, material characterization, tribology, finite element methods (FEM), computational fluid dynamics in designing materials, manufacturing techniques inclined to sustainability, additive manufacturing, energy, Industry 4.0, MEMS, green manufacturing, and optimization techniques. This book will be useful for researchers and professionals working in various fields of mechanical engineering. 

This open access book introduces key concepts in robotics in an easy to understand language using an engaging project-based approach. It covers contemporary topics in robotics, providing an accessible entry point to fundamentals in all the major domains. A section is dedicated to introducing programming concepts using Python, which has become a language of choice in robotics and AI. The book also introduces the reader to the Robot Operating System (ROS), the ubiquitous software and algorithmic framework used by researchers and the industry. The book provides an inspired, up-to-date and multidisciplinary introduction to robotics in its many forms, including emerging topics related to robotics on Machine Learning, ethics, Human-Robot Interaction, and Design Thinking. The book also includes interviews with industry experts, providing an additional layer of insight into the world of robotics. The book is made open access through the generous support from Kinova Robotics. The bookis suitable as an undergraduate textbook in a relevant engineering course. It is also suitable for students in art and design, high school students, and self-learners who would like to explore foundational concepts in robotics.¿This book provides the ¿foundation¿ for understanding how robots work. It is the accessible introduction that artists and engineers have been waiting for.¿- Ken Goldberg, William S. Floyd Jr. Distinguished Chair in Engineering, UC Berkeley.

This book challenges conventional wisdom by revealing an extensive and heterogeneous community of foreign businesses in Australia before 1914. Multinational enterprise arrived predominantly from Britain, but other sender nations included the USA, France, Germany, New Zealand, and Japan. Their firms spread out across Australia from mining and pastoral communities, to portside industries and CBD precincts, and they operated broadly across mining, trading, shipping, insurance, finance, and manufacturing. They were a remarkably diverse population of firms by size, organisational form, and longevity.This is a rare study of the impact of multinationals on a host nation, particularly before World War One, and that focuses on a successful resource-based economy. Deploying a database of more than 600 firms, supported by contemporary archives and publications, the work reveals how multinational influence was contested by domestic enterprise, other foreign firms, and the strategic investments of governments in network industries. Nonetheless, foreign agency ¿ particularly investment, knowledge and entrepreneurship ¿ mattered in the economic development of Australia in the nineteenth as well as the twentieth centuries. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in Australian and international economic and business history, the history of economic growth and scholars of international business.

This book compiles updated research about the implications of therapeutic proteins in various human diseases. The initial chapters of the book provide basic information on the therapeutic proteins and discuss techniques for their formulation, production, and analytic approaches for their characterization. The subsequent chapters shed light on therapies based on therapeutic proteins against metabolic disorders, neurological disorders, cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Importantly, it presents the factors influencing the immunogenicity of therapeutic proteins, including, genetic factors, disease type, and origin of therapeutic protein, dose frequency, administration route, and treatment duration. The book also reviews the strategies for reducing immunogenicity associated with therapeutic proteins, including PEGylation, site specific mutagenesis, exon shuffling, and humanizing of monoclonal antibodies. Further, it presents strategies for improving the typical drawback associated with protein therapeutics including instability and limited penetration through biological barriers. This book covers various computational methods that are commonly used for designing therapeutic proteins and in silico method for predicting and improving in vivo efficacy of the therapeutic molecules. Lastly, the book highlights the recent advances in developing nanosized delivery systems to improve safety and efficacy of protein therapeutics.This book caters to students and researchers of medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutical sciences and therapeutics. It is also useful to clinicians working with therapeutic proteins.

This book is an up-to-date guide to the techniques and devices that may be used when performing minimally invasive spine interventions. The indications for such procedures, which offer various advantages over open surgery, continue to expand, and the aim of the book is to equip spine interventionists with the knowledge required in order to achieve optimal clinical outcomes consistently. After discussion of all aspects of patient preparation, conventional minimally invasive procedures for disorders of the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spine are thoroughly reviewed. Attention then turns to more advanced techniques and devices, including percutaneous epidural neurolysis, foraminoplasty, the L'DISQ device for disc decompression, transforaminal epiduroscopic laser annuloplasty (TELA), trans-sacral endoscopic laser decompression (SELD), percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD), and minimally invasive lumbar decompression (MILD). In addition to full description and illustration of treatment methods, guidance is provided on indications, contraindications, potential complications, and postoperative care.

This book describes the grammar of Chinese nominal groups for the purpose of text analysis, drawing upon Halliday's systemic functional linguistics (SFL) model. Exploring the metafunctional grammatical resources in nominal groups, the book provides a new perspective on conducting text analysis by focusing on the metafunctions performed by various elements in the nominal group. The observations on nominal groups presented here are based on both a working corpus of 180 texts of various types and a large referential corpus of over 16 billion tokens. With clear descriptions of the terminology used, the book presents a case study at the end of each major chapter, which demonstrates how the grammatical resources discussed can be applied to the delicate analysis of authentic texts. This monograph is more than a grammar book, for it offers a new way to engage with a text microscopically and enables readers to approach and analyse a text by focusing on grammatical units below the clause level. The book provides an accessible and valuable resource for readers who are interested in SFL-based typological description, text analysis, translation studies between English and Chinese, English-Chinese comparative linguistic studies, and Chinese language teaching and learning.

This book explores the extent to which and the reasons why Russia's citizens harbor feelings of nostalgia for the Soviet Union today. Based on the results of a nationwide survey and rigorous field research carried out within several of Russia's regions, Dr. Sullivan uncovers material and cultural rationales for this sentiment of nostalgia - which poses both an opportunity and a challenge to the Russian government. With Russian nationalism and revanchism a resurgent force in contemporary global affairs, this detailed study will interest scholars of international relations and of populist authoritarianism around the world.Charles J. Sullivan is a political scientist specializing in the politics of Russia, Central Asia, and the former Soviet Union region. Dr. Sullivan served as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science and International Relations at Nazarbayev University in Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan (2014 to 2022).

This edited volume focuses on the largest single tract contiguous mangrove forest in the world- the Sundarbans- exploring traditional knowledge, customary sustainable use and community-based innovation. The book analyses the current state of the Sundarbans, its multiple values and ecosystem services, to demonstrate that Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) is essential for the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Not only does this play an integral role in realising SDG 14 (life below water) and SDG 15 (life on land), it also actively contributes towards achieving many other goals and targets. It contributes a new understanding of sustainability by bringing human-nature relationships in view of the renewed interest in biodiversity and climate change- heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic. The book links scientific knowledge with multi, inter, trans- disciplinary nature of ILK for sustainable development collected from the ground. It challenges the market-based approach in valuing the natural resources, and demonstrates that the valuation of environmental resources through market penetration pricing does not reckon the social benefits and values coproduced through complementarity between humans and nature.Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir is a professor at the Department of Development Studies, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh and is currently holding the charge of the Chairman of the Department. He is the chairperson of Unnayan Onneshan- a Dhaka based multidisciplinary think-tank, vice chairperson of IUCN Asia Regional Members Committee and chairperson of IUCN National Committee of Bangladesh. He has led numerous projects for diverse organisations including governments, development partners and international organisations at home and abroad. His latest books are Numbers and Narratives in Bangladesh's Economic Development (2021), Fiscal and Monetary Policies in Developing Countries: State, Citizenship and Transformation (2021), and the edited volume, COVID-19 and Bangladesh: Response, Rights & Resilience (2021).

This book mainly addresses China's Belt and Road Initiative in terms of the connectivity industrial and spatial development, as well as current world's economic and trade pattern under such synergy development, and focuses on the function and mechanism of industry and geography coordination. Although current research on the value circulation between China and developed economies is relatively adequate, the book focuses on the value circulation between the countries and regions, especially the developing economies. China and other developing countries tie strongly with the production value circulation. The coordination industrial and spatial development in the global value cycle is also the cornerstone of long-term stabilization and sustainable development in China. Therefore, this book provides the theoretical and empirical research on Belt and Road from the perspectives on industrial and spatial synergy. This book proposes several questions: Any inherent inlay between industrial and geographic allocation, i.e., is there any possibility for close integration? This book analyzes the necessity of coordinated development of industry and space perspective of production division. Secondly, from the perspective of historical evolution and current situation, it analyzes the relationship among industry, economic growth and fluctuation and compares realizing paths of synergy of industrial and spatial development. It contains the industry and spatial diffusion mechanism and the effect of synergy development. Moreover, the corresponding policy implication is provided for sustainable development through the Belt and Road Initiative.

This book is intended for a wide range of researchers both from academia and industry interested in contributing to industries in an interdisciplinary way. The primary industries, including agriculture, fishery, and power industries, are the most fundamental infrastructure of the human societies. Traditionally, primary industries have been managed in the small family/community base, but with increase in population and development of society, the size of primary industry has grown. The efficiency, quality, and stability of these industries affect the societies significantly, so that they have become one of the major areas that mathematics could contribute to substantially. Also, primary industries are affected by the environment, where mathematical studies play an essential role. The conference was hosted by the research community in New Zealand, where such collaborative activities in mathematics between the industry and academia have been successfully established from an early stage. This enabled the conference to bring together a range of research topics- from pioneering works to cutting-edge results, from agriculture to geothermal energy and nuclear fusion, and from mathematical modeling and analysis to data analysis.

This book covers point of care ultrasound (POCUS) in a practical, problem oriented and illustrated manner. It begins with introduction to the basic principles of medical ultrasound imaging and ultrasound guided interventions and outlines point of care ultrasound in a lucid manner for rapid learning for medical students as well as practitioners. It contains chapters on ultrasound of the airways, thoracic ultrasound including lungs and transthoracic screening echocardiogram, vascular assessment, ultrasound of the abdomen for focussed trauma assessment, gastric volume assessment and ultrasound guided interventions such as vascular cannulations, pleurocentesis, etc. along with some of the latest point of care ultrasound techniques such as ocular assessment and assessment of the foetus and placenta in the operation theatre. This book will help the intensivist, emergency physician and anaesthesiologist to learn the basics of POCUS, which ostensibly, is the future of medical practice. It also includes objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) questions after every chapter as well as multiple choice questions (MCQs) that will benefit the students greatly. The book also includes videos from some of the celebrated practitioners of POCUS providing a unique learning experience. This book is suited for students, trainees and practitioners alike. The modules of POCUS described here are part of the curriculum of anaesthesiology in the UK, USA, Singapore, Australia/ New Zealand and most of the countries. The book also covers the curriculum of POCUS in critical care and emergency medicine courses.

This book focuses on reservoir surveillance and management, reservoir evaluation and dynamic description, reservoir production stimulation and EOR, ultra-tight reservoir, unconventional oil and gas resources technology, oil and gas well production testing, and geomechanics. This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 11th International Field Exploration and Development Conference (IFEDC 2021). The conference not only provides a platform to exchanges experience, but also promotes the development of scientific research in oil & gas exploration and production. The main audience for the work includes reservoir engineer, geological engineer, enterprise managers, senior engineers as well as professional students.

This book presents the select proceedings of 2nd International Congress on Advances in Mechanical and Systems Engineering (CAMSE 2021). It focuses on the recent advances in mechanical and systems engineering and their growing demands for increase in several design and development activities. The contents in this book cover a blend of mechanical engineering, computer-aided engineering, control engineering, and systems engineering to design and manufacture useful products. Various additional topics covered include mechanics, machines, materials science, thermo-fluids, and control with state-of-the-art computational methods to analyse, innovate, design, implement and operate complex systems which are economic, reliable, efficient and sustainable. Given the contents, this book will be useful for researchers and professionals working in the field of mechanical engineering and allied fields.

This book is a volume of the Springer Briefs in Mathematical Physics and serves as an introductory textbook on the theory of Macdonald polynomials. It is based on a series of online lectures given by the author at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, in February and March 2021. Macdonald polynomials are a class of symmetric orthogonal polynomials in many variables. They include important classes of special functions such as Schur functions and Hall¿Littlewood polynomials and play important roles in various fields of mathematics and mathematical physics. After an overview of Schur functions, the author introduces Macdonald polynomials (of type A, in the GLn version) as eigenfunctions of a q-difference operator, called the Macdonald¿Ruijsenaars operator, in the ring of symmetric polynomials. Starting from this definition, various remarkable properties of Macdonald polynomials are explained, such as orthogonality, evaluation formulas, and self-duality, with emphasis on the roles of commuting q-difference operators. The author also explains how Macdonald polynomials are formulated in the framework of affine Hecke algebras and q-Dunkl operators.

This book of the conference proceedings focuses on innovative design, technology and methods in the fields of building, civil engineering and smart city. It contains a large number of detailed design, construction and performance analysis charts, benefited to students, teachers, research scholars and other professionals in related fields. As well, readers will encounter new ideas for realizing more safe, intelligent and economical buildings.

This open access book examines the facilitation of pre-service and in-service educators¿ research thinking that equips them to be responsive to the unfolding uncertainties of the 21st century, and to likewise prepare their own students. It addresses several key areas, including: articulating the contemporary need for research thinking across teacher education; showcasing diverse yet conceptually connected strategies that all use the Research Skill Development (RSD) framework; providing an explicit scaffolded approach; and extending knowledge of the 'Models of Engaged Learning and Teaching' (MELT) conceptual framework. This book also addresses the contemporary topics of social media for learning, digital literacy, education research as cultural work and formations of communities of practice, with cross-cutting themes of scaffolded development and formative assessment of research skills. It highlights how research thinking is not only vital for PST (Preservice Teachers), I-ST (In-Serivce Teachers) and university educators, but also models for them how to scaffold the research thinking of their own students. This book's use of the RSD, as a shared conceptual framework across the chapters, emphasises the overlaps between ways of thinking in the different learning areas in which education occurs, without masking the differences. Likewise, the interdisciplinary work that comprises Education is informed by the RSD conceptual framework as used in a variety of disciplines. Together, this use of RSD brings a strong sense of connectedness between PST, I-ST and university educators.This is an open access book.

This book highlights introduction of thermodynamics; first law, second law, third law of thermodynamics and their applications; concepts of entropy, free energies, thermodynamic equilibrium, thermodynamic activity and fugacity; Maxwell relations; Gibbs-Helmholtz equation; Clausis-Clayperon equation, etc. have been discussed in detail and made easily understandable to the undergraduate students of metallurgy. Thermodynamics involved in formation of different types of solutions (ideal, real and regular solutions) has also been discussed in detail. This book also discusses the applications of various thermodynamic properties in different metallurgical operations. At the end of each and every chapter, different types of typical related problems have also been solved.

This annual report presents an overview of the development of Chinäs special economic zones in 2021, including reform pilot zones and some new special zones, from the perspective of the overall national development strategic planning. It takes the development status, comparative analysis and policy suggestions of the special zones as the starting point, summarizes and analyzes the transformation problems, carbon production and sustainable development problems, scientific and technological innovation problems, socialsecurity problems, employment service problems, financial system reform problems, cultural industry problems, and puts forward suggestions for development.

This book provides readers up-to-date information on various aspects affecting assisted reproduction laboratories and corresponding management approaches, based on latest literatures, clinical practice, and international consensus. Key points of laboratory environment, laboratory operations and quality control measures are presented in details. Last but not least, ethical issues and countermeasures of assisted reproductive technology are discussed. It will be a practical and reader-friendly resource to help reproductive medicine practitioners establish a disciplined risk and control system for assisted reproduction laboratories and techniques.

This book focuses on the impact of teachers¿ leadership identity on their pedagogical and class management choices and proposes a new pedagogical framework, leaderful classroom practices which emerged through collective, concurrent, collaborative, and compassionate interactions between the teacher and students. The interdisciplinary aspect of the book appeals to a wide range of readers from different disciplines and gives readers the opportunity to take a moment and reflect on their leadership identity, recognize the limitations of their practices, and adopt a leaderful pedagogy in their respective disciplines. Establishing an open, democratic, and participatory learning environment for all learners is a major leadership responsibility of teachers, and this book demonstrates how to accomplish this mission both in theory and practice.

This book provides a comprehensive study of Indonesia's contemporary foreign policy engagement with Africa, highlighting the archipelagös recent reawakening to the continent. It explores thoughts on Afro-Asian relations in general and their future in the changing geopolitical context. It provides a vision of Indonesiäs foreign policy and political situation at the highest level of leadership. It places Indonesia in a multi-comparison context, which helps us reconsider Indonesia today and widens our views on Indonesiäs needs to be better known through new perspectives and voices able to better convey the realities of its polity, aspirations, and complexities. It proposes, through the study of Indonesiäs African endeavour, to better grasp the contemporary Indonesian Zeitgeist and Weltanschauung. It also analyses the political power alliance formed by President Jokowi and former General Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan, leading a state-led developmentthrough state capitalism, mobilising State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). The Bandung Conference host aspires to project its domestic development achievements towards Africa, focusing on Africa for Africa and not merely as part of a sometimes-abstract Afro-Asian discourse. Nonetheless, Afro-Asianism continues to be mobilised to facilitate market penetration and serve domestic interests.The book shows how Indonesiäs foreign policy toward Africa relates to domestic political contestation and consolidation, political legacy and commodity-based industrial policy, and Chinese and ¿China in Africä networks and ideational influence, foremost among other networks of influence in the Jokowi era. The book also underlines how Indonesiäs knowledge production and academic deficiencies negatively impact its foreign policy capabilities, notably as a potential robust alternative partner for Africa. It will be beneficial for students, academicians, researchers, and diplomats.

This book takes a balanced approach between theoretical understanding and real-time applications. All the topics included real-world problems which show how to explore, build, evaluate, and optimize machine learning models fusion with metaheuristic algorithms. Optimization algorithms classified into two broad categories as deterministic and probabilistic algorithms. The content of book elaborates optimization algorithms such as particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, whale search algorithm, and cuckoo search algorithm.

The purpose of this atlas is to illustrate how to achieve reliable diagnoses when confronted by the different abnormalities, or ¿disease patterns¿, that may be visualized on CT scans of the chest. The task of pattern recognition has been greatly facilitated by the advent of high-technology CT such as helical and multidetector CT (MDCT) and dual-energy CT (DECT), and the focus of the book is very much on the role of state-of-the-art MDCT. A wide range of disease patterns and distributions are covered, with emphasis on the typical imaging characteristics of the various focal and diffuse lung diseases. In addition, clinical information relevant to differential diagnosis is provided and the underlying gross and microscopic pathology is depicted, permitting CT¿pathology correlation. The entire information relevant to each disease pattern is also tabulated for ease of reference. This book will be an invaluable handy tool that will enable the reader to quickly and easily reach a diagnosis appropriate to the pattern of lung abnormality identified on CT scans. And in this second edition, some more signs and several new diseases and their pattern have been developed and updated. They will be provided with imaging, clinical relevance and CT-pathology correlation. Moreover, the chapters and disease patterns in their order of presentation shall be somewhat changed for readers¿ easy legibility and understanding.

This book presents a particular area of interest in computing psychiatry with the modelling of mood and anxiety disorders. It highlights various methods for building these models. Clinical applications are prevalent due to the growth and interaction of these multiple approaches. Besides, it outlines some original predictive and computational modelling ideas for enhancing psychological treatment interventions. Computational psychiatry combines multiple levels and types of computation with different data types to improve mental illness understanding, prediction, and treatment.

This book provides an overview of the history, basic concepts, and provision models of infrastructure, significant theories on infrastructure economics, practices at home and abroad that reflect the economic development effects of infrastructure, and four infrastructure economic growth models. Great attention is placed on the domestic front. This book describes and discusses in detail the historical background, development trends, achievements, and challenges of Chinäs infrastructure from 1949 to 2019, under the classic ¿supply and demand¿ analysis framework. From the four perspectives of market integration, open development, people¿s livelihood, and endogenous growth, this book carries out an empirical study on how to quantify and make causal inferences about the economic development effects of infrastructure. Based on the conclusion that national governance is of important help to infrastructure provision, this book interprets Chinäs governance system and its impact on infrastructure provision from the angle of decentralization and offers suggestions on policy optimizing.