Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer Nature Singapore

This book explores the interactions between nanomaterials/nanoparticles and plants and unveils potential applications. The chapters emphasize the implications of nanoparticles in cross-discipline approaches, including agricultural science, plant physiology, plant biotechnology, material science, environmental science, food chemistry, biomedical science, etc. It presents recent advances in experimental and theoretical studies and gives in-depth insights into the interaction between nanoparticles and plant cells. In addition, it discusses the potential applications and concerns of nanoparticles comprehensively. The research field of plant nanotechnology has great potential within plant sciences and agriculture and the related research is getting increased at present. The study of plant nanotechnology receives an advantage from the great progress of nanotechnology in biomedical sciences particularly the well-development of a variety of biocompatible nanoparticles (NPs) and advanced analytical techniques. Nowadays, although some NPs have been applied in the studies of plant and agronomic sciences, the knowledge regarding physiology and underlying mechanisms within the plant cell remains limited. This book offers a critical reference for students, teachers, professionals, and a wide array of researchers in plant science, plant physiology, plant biotechnology, material science, environmental science, food chemistry, nanotechnology, and biomedical science. It could also benefit the related field of plant nanotechnology for designing and organizing future research.  

This book provides an in-depth, multi-faceted look into capacity building for service-learning, using the case of the higher education landscape in Hong Kong. Service-learning has been proven to be an effective pedagogy for the holistic development of students, as well as promotion of their well-being. It also attempts to promote the well-being of the service recipients and the community. While service-learning is becoming increasingly popular in many higher educational institutions around the world, the learning gains that can be attained from service-learning are only as good as the learning experience allows, and poorly-developed or motivated service-learning may potentially do adverse harm to students and the community. This book reinforces the imperative to enhance the capacity of the institution, teachers, students and community partners by exploring a diverse range of methods for achieving capacity building among different stakeholders. Examples of the methods explored include formal course-based professional development, scale development, action research, and communities of practice. Furthermore, the book includes a series of detailed, qualitative case studies that are aimed at embodying good practice, unpacking "e;what matters"e; from service-learning. Aa a useful resource for scholars and educators who are passionate about holistic youth leadership development, this book is also relevant to researchers in the intersection between well-being and higher education.

The three main levels of analysis in international relations have been the systemic, the national, and the individual.  A fourth level that falls between the systemic and the national is the region.  It is woefully underdeveloped in comparison to the attention afforded the other three.  Yet regions tend to be distinctive theaters for international politics.  Otherwise, we would not recognize that Middle Eastern interstate politics somehow does not resemble Latin American interstate politics or interstate politics in Southern Africa (although once the Middle East and Southern Africa may have seemed more similar in their mutual fixation with opposition to domestic policies in Israel and  South Africa, respectively). This book, divided into three parts, first makes a case for studying regional politics even though it must also be appreciated that regional boundaries are also hazy and not always easy to pin down empirically.  The second part examines power distributions within regions as an important entry point to studying regional similarities and differences.  Two emphases are stressed.  One is that regional power assessments need to be conditioned by controlling for weak states which are more common in some regions than they are in others.  The other emphasis is on regional power hierarchies.  Some regions have strong regional hierarchies while others do not. Regions with strong hierarchies operate much differently from those without them in the sense that the former are more pacific than the latter.  The third part of the book focuses on regional differences in terms of conflict behavior, order preferences, rivalries, and rivalry termination.

This textbook introduces systems science as an entry point to present a basic introduction to research models and methods in management science (operation research). This textbook selects the classic quantitative models and methods as well as rich cases and detailed examples, which are suitable for students with a certain management and economics knowledge for further study, and helps to develop the abilities of using the basic models in real life.

The book presents the select proceedings of 5th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICOME). ICOME is a series of international conference in mechanical engineering held every two years in Indonesia. The covered topics include aerodynamics and fluid mechanics, air conditioning and cooling system, turbomachinery and alternative fuels, modeling, simulation and optimization, thermodynamics and heat transfer, and combustion system. This book also covers material engineering, composite materials, biomaterials, fatigue and fracture, corrosion, tribology, and biomechanics. Given the contents, the book is useful for students, researchers, and professionals in the area of mechanical engineering and materials.

This is the first technical book that considers tests as public tools and examines how to engineer and process test data, extract the structure within the data to be visualized, and thereby make test results useful for students, teachers, and the society. The author does not differentiate test data analysis from data engineering and information visualization. This monograph introduces the following methods of engineering or processing test data, including the latest machine learning techniques: classical test theory (CTT), item response theory (IRT), latent class analysis (LCA), latent rank analysis (LRA), biclustering (co-clustering), and Bayesian network model (BNM). CTT and IRT are methods for analyzing test data and evaluating students' abilities on a continuous scale. LCA and LRA assess examinees by classifying them into nominal and ordinal clusters, respectively, where the adequate number of clusters is estimated from the data. Biclustering classifies examinees into groups (latent clusters) while classifying items into fields (factors). Particularly, the infinite relational model discussed in this book is a biclustering method feasible under the condition that neither the number of groups nor the number of fields is known beforehand. Additionally, the local dependence LRA, local dependence biclustering, and bicluster network model are methods that search and visualize inter-item (or inter-field) network structure using the mechanism of BNM. As this book offers a new perspective on test data analysis methods, it is certain to widen readers' perspective on test data analysis.  

This book gathers outstanding research papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Frontiers in Computing and Systems (COMSYS 2021), organized by Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Department of Information Technology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India held during September 29-October 1, 2021. The book presents the latest research and results in various fields of machine learning, computational intelligence, VLSI, networks and systems, computational biology, and security, making it a rich source of reference material for academia and industry alike.

Dieses Buch konzentriert sich auf die Auswirkungen von Phubbing durch Eltern auf ihre Kinder, Partner auf ihre Partner, Chefs auf ihre Angestellten, Freunde auf ihre Freunde und Familienmitglieder auf andere Familienmitglieder. Nach einer Zusammenfassung der Erkenntnisse aus der veröffentlichten Forschung über die spezifischen Auswirkungen auf diese phubbenden Personen in wichtigen Beziehungen werden die psychologischen Prädiktoren für Phubbing (die Auslöser) dargelegt, gefolgt von einer umfassenderen Darstellung der psychologischen Auswirkungen von Phubbing-Verhalten. Das letzte Kapitel befasst sich mit der Rolle sozialer Normen bei der Erklärung von Phubbing über die individuellen Prädiktoren hinaus, die das Verhalten auslösen, und versucht, eine Verbindung zwischen Phubbing und sozialer Theorie herzustellen.

This book includes original, peer-reviewed research papers from the 2021 5th Chinese Conference on Swarm Intelligence and Cooperative Control (CCSICC2021), held in Shenzhen, China on January 19-22, 2022. The topics covered include but are not limited to: reviews and discussions of swarm intelligence, basic theories on swarm intelligence, swarm communication and networking, swarm perception, awareness and location, swarm decision and planning, cooperative control, cooperative guidance, swarm simulation and assessment. The papers showcased here share the latest findings on theories, algorithms and applications in swarm intelligence and cooperative control, making the book a valuable asset for researchers, engineers, and university students alike.

The book offers a provocative review of thinking about privacy and identity in the years encompassing and disrupted by the two world wars of the first half of the twentieth century ¿ focusing (in particular) on the socio-technological transformations associated with modernism. It argues that, with many of the most interesting modern thinkers of the period dead or marginalised (or both) by 1948, their ideas about how rights such as privacy should develop to accommodate the exigencies of modern life failed to find much of a voice in the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Yet they anticipated in surprising ways some of our ¿new¿ ways of thinking in more recent times. After a brief introduction, the chapters are framed in terms of case studies on the right to privacy, the right to data protection and the right to be forgotten, each finishing with a consideration of how these rights require further rethinking in the digital century.

This book gathers selected high-quality research papers presented at the Eighth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, held at Brunel University, London, on 20-23 February 2023. It discusses emerging topics pertaining to information and communication technology (ICT) for managerial applications, e-governance, e-agriculture, e-education and computing technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) and e-mining. Written by respected experts and researchers working on ICT, the book offers a valuable asset for young researchers involved in advanced studies. The work is presented in four volumes.

This book presents a series of over 50 cases in 3D transesophageal echocardiography. In each case, background information is followed by a step-by-step approach to patient diagnosis and postoperative outcomes. The book's most outstanding highlight consists in over 600 illustrations, which mainly focus on 3D transesophageal echocardiography in combination with 2D transesophageal echocardiography, X-ray fluoroscopy and computed tomography to demonstrate the various cardiovascular pathologies. Since the echo images obtained in clinic practice are moving images, it also includes more than 450 videos, which effectively supplement the static illustrations.The atlas is divided into 11 chapters. Chapters 1 through 3 describe abnormalities affecting mitral, aortic, tricuspid and pulmonary valves, while prosthetic valves are discussed in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 details abnormalities of the aorta. Chapters 6-8 examine coronary artery disease, congenital heart disease and cardiomyopathies, while Chapter 9 explores cases of infective endocarditis. Chapter 10 deals with tumor and mass lesions, and the other cases are collectively addressed in Chapter 11. In this second edition, authors add 3-5 new cases at each chapter. Now new technology in 3D TEE rendering technology such as TruVue, a kind of post processing techniques, is also included.Offering a valuable new resource, the book will enhance the usefulness of echocardiography during operations as a "third eye" for surgeons. With the advances in technology, clinicians are using three-dimensional (3D) transoesophageal echocardiographic imaging is crucial for device selection during the procedure and to assess the functional result after procedure.

This book focuses on the teaching and philosophy of the pioneering performing arts teacher and educator Marjorie Barstow. She is one of the best and brightest exponents of the Alexander Technique (AT), an approach to awareness and movement widely deployed and valued in the performing arts and outside artistic circles. By comparing her approach to the educational philosophy of John Dewey, this book resurrects Marjorie Barstow's name, and gives her pedagogy and legacy the attention it deserves.

This thesis describes the development of iron-catalyzed thienyl C¿H/C¿H coupling. This is applied to the synthesis of highly conjugated and electron-rich thiophene compounds of interest in materials science by utilization of low redox potential of iron in combination with a mild oxalate oxidant.Transition-metal-catalyzed C(sp2)¿H/C(sp2)¿H coupling has attracted much attention as one of the most straightforward methods to construct C(sp2)¿C(sp2) bonds. However, application of this ideal transformation to the synthesis of redox-sensitive pi-materials was hindered by the requirement of a strong oxidant for catalyst turnover. This limitation originates primarily from the large redox potential of conventional transition-metal catalysts such as palladium and rhodium. This thesis shows that the efficiency of C¿H activation was significantly improved by introduction of a new conjugated tridentate phosphine ligand, giving direct access to polymeric thiophene materials from simple thiophene monomers. Considering the importance of environmentally friendly organic synthesis in terms of UN Sustainable Development Goals, the reactions described herein highlight the potential of iron, the most abundant transition-metal on earth, for the direct synthesis of functional small molecules and polymers of importance in energy device applications.

This edited book covers various bioinoculants for sustainable crop production under the changing global climate. The book envisages a compilation of articles relevant to the current status of production and use of novel microbial inoculants for different crops and highlights their role in mitigating global climate challenges. These include nutrient deficiencies, salinity, drought, and emerging pathogens. In addition, success stories and commercialization aspects are also discussed.Growing environmental concerns related to climate change can potentially decrease the global yield capacity of agricultural systems. Agricultural productivity is severely äected by major biotic and abiotic factors. The phytomicrobiome plays a critical role in the survival of the holobiont, particularly for plants growing in extreme environments. The use of microbial-based agricultural inputs has a long history, beginning with a broad-scale rhizobial inoculation of legumes in the early twentieth century. Microbial inoculants are considered one of the best and most effective strategies for sustainable agriculture under climate change, and a viable solution to meet the twin challenges of global food security and environmental sustainability. It is therefore imperative to understand the current status and development in the area of bioinoculants from a global perspective. The chapter¿s focus would be on major agro-ecologies, covering all major crops across the globe, along with the commercialization status of different bioinoculants in different countriesThe book caters to the needs of the students, faculty, policymakers, and researchers working in the area of microbiology, biotechnology, environmental sciences, and botany.

This book intends to summarize the current situation at home and abroad about the treatment and consumption of various metallurgical wastes and domestic waste fertilizers and their products through metallurgical processes. It collects the process characteristics of the whole metallurgical process from sintering, blast furnace, electric furnace, converter, and other aspects, as well as the process parameters for treating various solid wastes, solves the problems that may be encountered in the relevant processes, and puts forward corresponding solutions, including the transformation of the process flow or the addition of some pre-treatment links. In addition, this book also evaluates some important production and digestion processes and puts forward relevant suggestions for readers to have a more comprehensive thinking. University teachers, graduate students, researchers, and engineers engaged in iron and steel metallurgy process, especially those who use iron and steel process to absorb metallurgical solid waste and domestic solid waste together, will be of great help to them.

This book proposes new technologies and discusses future solutions for ICT design infrastructures, as reflected in high-quality papers presented at the 6th International Conference on ICT for Sustainable Development (ICT4SD 2021), held in Goa, India, on 5-6 August 2021. The book covers the topics such as big data and data mining, data fusion, IoT programming toolkits and frameworks, green communication systems and network, use of ICT in smart cities, sensor networks and embedded system, network and information security, wireless and optical networks, security, trust, and privacy, routing and control protocols, cognitive radio and networks, and natural language processing. Bringing together experts from different countries, the book explores a range of central issues from an international perspective.

This book covers network analysis and architecture for large-scale computer network planning. Networks and the Internet are essential for modern industries and societies. Building a new network, upgrading an existing network, or planning to use a public network requires integrating various network mechanisms and technologies in a cohesive fashion. This demands a deep understanding of the concepts, principles, processes, approaches, and good practices of advanced network planning. More specifically, emphasizing service-based networking, the book introduces structured processes for network planning, provides systematic approaches for network analysis and architecture, develops network planning specifications, and discusses high-level network architectural models from various perspectives. It also offers detailed discussions on component-based architecture about addressing, routing, performance, management, and security and privacy. Recent developments in data centers, virtualization,and cloud are also embedded into the network architecture. Moreover, the book includes a comprehensive introduction to building practical TCP/IP network communications via sockets with practical examples. The book is suitable for use as a textbook for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students or as a reference book for network practitioners looking to develop or enhance their skills in network planning.

This book illustrates recent advances in developing sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensors for their whole blood application. Known to be a cutting-edge and fast-growing technology, electrochemical biosensors demonstrate their potential in laboratories, industries, and healthcare to achieve specific and direct target detection in complex media, and have become an emerging technology for guiding personalized medicine. The book first demonstrates methods and models to cover the detection of a variety of target molecules in whole blood, including ions, small molecules, nucleic acids, proteins, cells, etc. Then, it provides comments on various detection strategies employed to improve sensors' sensitivity, specificity, selectivity, and reproducibility as well as presenting the laws and principles. In addition, it summarizes achievements and challenges from recent years. Finally, it provides future perspectives and opportunities in electrochemical biosensors including pointof care detection, molecular diagnostics and the integration of this sensor platform with multidisciplinary technologies, towards the ultimate goal of personalized medicine. The book integrates abundant viewpoints from multiple sciences and is helpful and valuable to a wide readership in the various fields of biochemistry, biophysics, bioengineering, and pharmaceutics.

This book highlights the optical properties of metal oxides at both the fundamental and applied level and their use in various applications. The book offers a basic understanding of the optical properties and related spectroscopic techniques essential for anyone interested in learning about metal oxide nanostructures. This is partly due to the fact that optical properties are closely associated with other properties and functionalities (e.g., electronic, magnetic, and thermal), which are of essential significance to many technological applications, such as optical data communications, imaging, lighting, and displays, life sciences, health care, security, and safety. The book also highlights the fundamentals and systematic developments in various optical techniques to achieve better characterization, cost-effective, user-friendly approaches, and most importantly, state-of-the-art developing methodologies for various scientific and technological applications. It provides an adequate understanding of the imposed limitations and highlights the prospects and challenges associated with optical analytical methods to achieve the desired performance in targeted applications.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of higher education in India and China and the complexity of issues involved. It focuses on gaining understanding of education systems, governance mechanisms, globalisation and emergence of the private sector, action policies of both the countries and their impact on education and society. Offering a comparative perspective, the book discusses why China is ahead of India in Higher Education when both share the similar challenges of burgeoning young population and scarcity of resources. It examines the success in providing equitable access to both country¿s marginalised sections. It also discusses the directions of future growth through National Education Policy, 2020 and the 13th Five Year Plan of the Chinese State Council. Combining rich content and a broad scope, the book offers a valuable key to understanding Higher Education system of India and China. It is a useful read for students and researchers in social sciences, education area.

This book covers all the aspects related to the laboratory diagnosis of Mycobacterium. Laboratory diagnosis includes microscopic to advance molecular diagnosis. Moreover, it deals with the methods used to detect antimycobacterial susceptibility tests and drug resistance.Chapters cover most potential methods and techniques from traditional to advanced future diagnostics for identifying tuberculosis, NTM, and latent TB infections. Also discussed the challenges and opportunities in the diagnostic science of infectious disease. This book offers assistance to students, postgraduate medical students, researchers, medical practitioners, postdoctoral fellows, microbiologists, nurses, and public health officers working in tuberculosis control programs to understand various modalities for diagnosis and drug-resistance tuberculosis.

This case-based atlas encompasses all aspects of imaging in congenital cardiac defects, cardiac masses, inflammatory and acquired heart diseases, cardiomyopathies and coronary-related pathologies. The chapters begin with a description of the imaging approach, followed by cases comprehensively covering the gamut of clinical scenarios that may be encountered in clinical practice. The atlas provides pertinent information about each discussed disease state, its imaging diagnosis and recent advances, including role of radiology in management, follow up and prognostication. Cases that may pose as imaging differentials accompany the index case, followed by a variety of companion cases illustrating the possible spectrum of abnormalities that the reader may be confronted with while dealing with the index case. It acts as a guide for the cardiovascular radiologist, physician, paediatrician, internist, cardiologist, cardiothoracic surgeon as well as radiology residents for inculcating an evidence-based approach for choosing the right imaging algorithm in the given clinical situation. The highly visual design of the atlas enables it to act as a quick and ready reference.