Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer Nature Singapore

This book provides an analytical and computational approach to solving and simulating the Mahalanobis model and the papers surrounding it. The book comes up, perhaps for the first time, with a holistic examination of an important growth model that emerged out of India in the 1950s. It contains detailed derivations of the Mahalanobis model and the several critiques and extensions surrounding it with an organized synthesis of the main results. Computationally, the book simulates the model and its many variants, thus making it accessible to a wider audience. Advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students in the fields of Economics, Mathematics, and Statistics will gain immensely from understanding both the mathematical aspects as well as the computational aspects of the Mahalanobis model. In the absence of a single 'go-to' source on all aspects of the model -- analytical and computational -- this book is a definitive volume on the Mahalanobis model that has allthe derivations of all the papers surrounding the model, its dissents and critiques, and extensions as in the wage goods model suggested by Vakil and Brahmananda.

This book provides a systematic and standardized approach based on the authors' over 30 years of research experience with weight function methods, as well as the relevant literature. Fracture mechanics has become an indispensable tool for the design and safe operation of damage-tolerant structures in many important technical areas. The stress intensity factor-the characterizing parameter of the crack tip field-is the foundation of fracture mechanics analysis. The weight function method is a powerful technique for determining stress intensity factors and crack opening displacements for complex load conditions, with remarkable computational efficiency and high accuracy.The book presents the theoretical background of the weight function methods, together with a wealth of analytical weight functions and stress intensity factors for two- and three-dimensional crack geometries; many of these have been incorporated into national, international standards and industrial codes of practice. The accuracy of the results is rigorously verified, and various sample applications are provided. Accordingly, the book offers an ideal reference source for graduate students, researchers, and engineers whose work involves fracture and fatigue of materials and structures, who need not only stress intensity factors themselves but also efficient and reliable tools for obtaining them.

This book illustrates the importance and significance of regenerative medicine in stroke recovery. It discusses stem-cell-based treatment strategies and offers mechanistic insights into their role in neurological recovery. It also examines the challenges and advances in using adult stem cells for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Further, it presents the strategies as well as the strengths and weaknesses of various delivery methods to administer stem cells in ischemic stroke. It examines the role of non-coding RNA in our understanding the stroke pathogenesis, their regulatory role in ischemic stroke and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Lastly, it explores exosomes in the treatment of stroke, and the underlying mechanism of their action as therapeutic vectors for stroke. Given its scope, it is an excellent resource for neurologists, neuroscientists and researchers involved in regenerative therapy for stroke.

This book reviews applications of nanomaterial and nanodevices in the food industry. It also discusses the advanced bioanalytical techniques, including Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), immunoanalytical techniques, and monoclonal antibody-based immunological techniques for detecting food adulterations and allergens. It comprehensively covers electrode modification and nano-engineered fabrication of biosensors to enhance their functionalities for utilization in food industries. The book highlights the utilization of nanobiosensors for food safety and quality analysis, such as detection of toxin, food-borne pathogen, allergen, evaluation of toxicity etc. Further, it also summarizes the recent advances in nanodevices such as nano-systems, nano-emulsions, nanopesticides, and nanocapsules and their applications in the food industry. Lastly, it covers nanomaterial-based sensors for drug analysis in diverse matrices. It serves as an invaluable source of information for professionals, researchers, academicians, and students related to food science and technology.

The book collects selected papers presented at the 5th International Conference on Aerospace System Science and Engineering (ICASSE 2021), organized by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, hosted by Moscow Aviation Institute, Russia. It provides a forum for experts in aeronautics and astronautics to share new ideas and findings. ICASSE conference has been organized annually since 2017 and host in Shanghai, Moscow, and Toronto in turn, where the three regional editors of journal Aerospace Systems are located.This book presents high-quality contributions in the subject area of Aerospace System Science and Engineering, including topics such as: Trans-space vehicle systems design and integration, Air vehicle systems, Space vehicle systems, Near-space vehicle systems, Opto-electronic system, Aerospace robotics and unmanned system, Aerospace robotics and unmanned system, Communication, navigation and surveillance, Dynamics and control, Intelligent sensing and Information fusion, Aerodynamics and aircraft design, Aerospace propulsion, Avionics system, Air traffic management, Earth observation, Deep space exploration, Bionic micro-aircraft/spacecraft.

The Book mainly focuses on various aspects of regionalized management of medicine, related with updates of new biotechnology, application of therapeutic strategy, and understanding of disease-associated molecular mechanisms. The book also discusses how medical informatics, systems analysis, database sharing, and artificial intelligent can be applied for improving the quality of hospital managements, disease therapies, regional collaborations, and medical services.This book serves as a professional reference book to clinicians and experts who are interested in medical informatics and artificial intelligence for diseases therapies and therapeutic strategy, better systems analysis and database sharing, and more efficient regional collaborations and medical services.

This edited book discusses the latest advancements in the area of biofuel development. It covers extensive information regarding different aspects and types of biofuels. The book provides a road map of the various kinds of biofuels available for consideration. It focuses on microbial based power generation, applications of nanotechnology in biofuel development, advancements in molecular techniques, economic and life cycle assessments. The book also highlights the commercialization prospects and economics of the various processes and an overview of the life cycle assessment of the various different kinds of biofuels. The contributors are experienced professors, academicians and scientists associated with renowned laboratories and institutes in India and abroad. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, biofuel scientists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students. National and international scientists, policy makers will also find this to be a useful read.

The book covers a range of topics dealing with emerging computing technologies which are being developed in response to challenges faced due to scaling CMOS technologies. It provides a sneak peek into the capabilities unleashed by these technologies across the complete system stack, with contributions by experts discussing device technology, circuit, architecture and design automation flows. Presenting a gradual progression of the individual sub-domains and the open research and adoption challenges, this book will be of interest to industry and academic researchers, technocrats and policymakers.Chapters "e;Innovative Memory Architectures Using Functionality Enhanced Devices"e; and "e;Intelligent Edge Biomedical Sensors in the Internet of Things (IoT) Era"e; are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This informative book discusses the latest research on the risk factors and therapeutics in dementia. WHO calls dementia a public health priority. Dementia manifests as a group of symptoms associated with decline in memory or other thinking skills and is severe enough to reduce a person's ability to perform everyday activities. It occurs frequently among elderly people, but it is not necessarily part of the normal aging process. The book has been divided into two broad sections. The first section reviews the risk factors involved in developing dementia, including various medical conditions, lifestyle choices, as well as genetics. The latter section describes various therapeutic interventions in dementia. Although there is no known cure for dementia, this book underlines the current treatment strategies that could momentarily reduce the symptoms and improve the quality of life of the patients. This book highlights the global effort to find better ways to halt the progression of dementia and develop novel therapeutic strategies.  The book would be an interesting read for advanced graduate students and researchers working in the field of neuroscience, genetics, and medicine. It will generate good interest to neurologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians, cardiologists, internal medicine practitioners, epidemiologist, and public health workers.

This book goes through the changing pattern of various stages of teacher education development in Autism Spectrum Disorder, and then analyses the factors bearing on them. It presents a multifaceted approach in understanding the subject, as well as providing the current practice of teacher development for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. This book suggests a system of professional development that builds on the principles of implementation science is most likely to lead to the adoption and use of innovations necessary to improve the quality of special education services. Implementation science emphasizes the systematic delivery of evidence-based practices. This book gives hints to educators and serves as a useful reference in the delivery of high quality professional development programmes.

This book is a compendium of the proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Analysis, Computation, and Mathematical Modelling in Engineering (AACMME-2021). The book covers a variety of applications such as mechanical, acoustical, physical, electrical, bio-mathematical, and computational fluid dynamics. Since mathematical modeling necessitates a wide range of skills and methods, the book concentrates on techniques that will be of specific interest to engineers, scientists, and those who work with discrete and continuous systems models. This book guides students, researchers, and professionals through the new approaches, the powerful tools for quickly mastering the most popular mathematical and computational models used in engineering and science. These new approaches enable readers to not only systematically create effective models, but also extend these models to any macroscopic physical structure.

This book gives a brief history of the development of Alloy 625 and a detailed account of its physical, mechanical, and corrosion properties. It also addresses different types of microstructural changes the Alloy 625 undergoes at intermediate temperatures; provides details of properties deterioration due to such microstructural changes; assesses the alloy damage during the in-service inspection of plants; and provides criteria for the damage evaluation for various destructive and non-destructive testing. It combines the industrial data and literature together in one place for damage assessment of service exposed Alloy 625 components. This book serves as a guide to practicing engineers in the industry interested in the use of Alloy 625 and in academia for students pursuing advanced courses in materials science. Alloy 625 is a versatile nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy known for its unique combination of high strength, excellent fabricability and weldability, and outstanding corrosion resistance.

This book provides a comprehensive approach to all aspects of water-related subjects affected by climate change that expand readers' attitudes toward future of the management strategies and improve management plans. It summarizes climate change scenarios, models, downscaling methods, and how to select the appropriate method. It also introduces practical steps in assessing climate change impacts on water issues through introducing hydrological models and climate change data applications in hydrologic analysis. The book caters to specialist readers who are interested in analyzing climate change effects on water resources, and related issues can gain a profound understanding of the practical concepts and step-by-step analysis, which is enriched with real case studies all around the world. Moreover, readers will be familiar with potential mitigation and adaptation measures in sustainable water engineering, considering the results of hydrologic modeling.

This book brings together valuable insights about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the business environment from an Asian perspective. While some businesses in Asia have been swift to embrace the new normal, others have found the disruption to the traditional way of doing business challenging. Businesses are striving to respond, adapt, and thrive under the shadow of the unprecedented upheaval to the business environment that has forced them to rethink their strategies, processes, and operating models. There seems to be a consensus among business scholars and stakeholders that the continuous embrace of change and transformation of business models will assist businesses to sustain a long-term competitive advantage. The chapters in this book explore shifts in business innovation and strategies linked to the "e;new normal"e; of doing business during the pandemic, bringing to light issues, challenges, and opportunities that firms can expect to face in their need to ensure sustainability post-pandemic and beyond.

This book focuses on the process of commercialisation and innovation management in small firms. Although commercialisation and new product development (NPD) has been covered quite extensively, relatively little attention has been given to how small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) engage with these issues. The book explores this topic in depth, taking a close look at the reasons why decisions are made and mapping this behaviour against established theories and "e;best practice"e; models of NPD and commercialisation.The book uses case studies to analyse the relationship between entrepreneurial decision- making and commercialisation, and investigates how and why NPD and commercialisation decisions are made, which offers valuable insights from both a theoretical and applied perspective.

This book brings together researchers from across the globe to share their work on the micro-analyses of storytelling. By doing so, the book helps to deepen the understanding of, and track storytelling practices cross-culturally and longitudinally in the home, at school, and in higher education. Through the unique focus on education and learning, this book provides a lens with which to identify how children's and adolescents' language development and sense of self in storytelling are supported in various contexts: the home, classroom, playground or in the higher education context. It explores the work, identity and practices of friends, teachers and lecturers in teaching, learning, reflection and supervision. Importantly, in identifying these practices, the book presents opportunities to assist parents and teachers, to inform pedagogy in teacher education, and to support effective doctoral supervision. The focus on storytelling in homes, education, and for learning, and the practical applications of the findings, contribute to the ongoing research in both education and conversation analysis. Chapter 10 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book presents the first non-European and non-North American comprehensive study explaining failures of key merger attempts by Australiäs two leading accounting bodies.It employs two complementary theoretical constructs namely, boundary work and exclusiveness versus market control, to explain the maintenance of professional boundaries in the Australian accounting profession.In doing so, it illustrates key historical developments in Australiäs society, economy and business world towards shaping the present structure and operations of the accounting profession, and the remaining professional bodies at the national level.

This book is a collection of seminal position essays by leading researchers on new development in Geographic Information Sciences (GIScience), covering a wide range of topics and representing a variety of perspectives. The authors propose enrichments and extensions to the conceptual framework of GIScience; discuss a series of transformational methodologies and technologies for analysis and modeling; elaborate on key issues in innovative approaches to data acquisition and integration, across earth sensing to social sensing; and outline frontiers in application domains, spanning from natural science to humanities and social science, e.g., urban science, land use and planning, social governance, transportation, crime, and public health, just name a few. The book provides an overview of the strategic directions on GIScience research and development. It will benefit researchers and practitioners in the field who are seeking a high-level reference regarding those directions.

This edited book is a comprehensive collection of chapters on various clean energy technology such as solar energy, waste biomass as energy, hydro-electricity generation, biodiesel production from biomass and strategies to cater the demand of clean renewable energy. Clean energy technologies also enhance economic growth by increasing the supply of energy demand and tackling environmental challenges and their impacts due to the use of other conventional sources of energy. The conventional/non-conventional energy production methods are efficient but it has adverse effects on environment and human health. As environmental concerns are not avoidable therefore the necessity of clean energy production comes in to the picture. The clean energy can be produced by different wastes which are caused for the environmental pollution. This book covers various aspects of new and renewable clean energy production technology and its utilization in different fields. This is a useful reading material for students and researchers involved in clean energy study.

This book discusses the overall development and use of smart courts from the perspective of system-of-systems engineering (SoSE) and its methodology, analyzes the relationships between the components, structures, environments, and functions of various systems, and illustrates the basic approaches to system design, specification, integration, operation and management. As the general introductory book of the China Smart Court Development Series, this book provides an overview of the development of Chinese people's courts in the application of information technology over the past two decades and outlines the key areas of exploration in the Smart Court  SoSe  project centered on the development practices during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. It also forecasts the future development and evolution of the smart court information system. The key topics introduced in the book, including the overall design of complex information systems, integrated interconnection networks-based system integration, judicial big data quality control and analytics services, various types of AI-enabled judicial services, quality and efficiency-oriented operation and maintenance services for large-scale information systems, etc., all came from the basic research of information science and theories, as well as the systems engineering practices of the Smart Court  SoSe  project. They not only reflect the latest findings on systems engineering and architecture methods in China and overseas, but also reveal many innovative approaches to SoSE methods and paradigms, which can be used for the design and continued development of smart courts at a new and higher starting point. It is believed that they can also serve as good examples and reference points for the development in IT application and complex information systems engineering in other sectors. 

This book aims to provide a systemic viewpoint for enterprise to establish the warranty chain management system. This book includes warranty management practice, reverse logistics, product reliability engineering, data statistics and analysis, industry 4.0 and artificial intelligence, circular supply chain and sustainable design, and other basic theories and case descriptions.  The author has many years' experience in academic and industrial management, and provides a management framework that especially takes into account (1) the implementation aspect - promotion of warranty plan and statistical analysis of data; (2) strategic aspect - digital application and sustainable development, with an overall system building point of view to describe the steps of warranty chain management step by step.  There are rich industry cases in this book which has highly reference value for students, researchers and practitioners. Also this book fits to be used as teaching and training material in engineering management, which builds an overview of the product life cycle management from warranty service till the recovery stage.

This book explores how organisations need to manage their innovation processes in order to compete in the global marketplace. Innovation is essential to the ongoing competitiveness of organisations but can be difficult to capture and disseminate. This book states that there needs to be guidelines about how to manage innovation in an organisational context. This includes focusing on different types of innovation from incremental to radical. This book will focus on ways to manage innovation from incorporating it into organisational practices to implementing it into beneficial partnerships. Each chapter in the book focuses on a different aspect of innovation from how to communicate ideas to commercialising innovation. 

This book focuses on the clear and simplified clinical techniques for microscopic restoration dentistry. With the help of microscope and hole reference technique (HRT), dentists can design the dimensional relationship and carry it out in preparation precisely. Authors firstly introduce an overview and surgical microscope and auxiliary instruments. In the second part, there are 4 techniques shown in each chapter.

This book is intended for theoretical and experimental researchers who are interested in ferroelectrics and advanced memory. After introducing readers to dielectric, perovskites, advanced memories, and ferroelectric, it explains quantum simulation. Then, using molecular orbital calculation results, it explains the ferroelectric mechanism in perovskite titanium oxides in concrete terms. Lastly, the book examines the materials designed for high-performance ferroelectrics and discusses the future of high-speed memory.

This volume 'Agrochemicals in Soil and Environment: Impacts and Remediation' is a comprehensive collection of important literature on agrochemical contamination. The main focus of this book is to point out undesirable changes in biological, physical and chemical characteristics of agricultural soils and its impacts on global agricultural crop productivity. Soil is one of the important resources of basic needs for our sustenance but due to various anthropogenic activities like urbanization and industrialization, the soil is losing its basic quality characteristics. Soil microorganisms, water holding capacity, minerals, salts and nutrients are under the direct threat due to agrochemicals therefore, agricultural sector is facing a serious challenge. Lack of proper knowledge and luxurious applications of agrochemicals resulting into degradation and deterioration of soil quality, loss of soil and crop productivity and threatening the food security. Therefore, it is imperative to develop indices, indicators and soil parameters for the monitoring and impact assessment of agricultural contaminants. Further, biotic and abiotic stresses and their tolerance mechanisms in plants in relation to the soil contaminants such as toxic pollutants, heavy metals, inorganic and organic matters, variety of pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, agricultural runoffs and solid wastes, and chemical fertilizers are also highlighted in this volume. This book also discusses causes of reduced agriculture productivity and suggests sustainable measures such as plant-based technologies, bioremediation and nanotechnology, that can be used to overcome the crop losses. The book is interest to research students, teachers, agricultural scientists, agronomists, environmentalists as well as policy makers.