Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer Nature Singapore

This book systematically and integrally introduces the new security management theories and methods in the e-commerce environment. Based on the perspective of dynamic governance of the whole process, starting from the theoretical framework, this book analyzes the gap between the current situation and requirements of security management, defines its nature, function, object and system, and designs and constructs the whole process security management organization and operation system of e-commerce. It focuses on the core and most prominent risk control links (i.e. security impact factors) in e-commerce security, including e-commerce information and network security risk, e-commerce transaction risk, e-commerce credit risk, e-commerce personnel risk, etc. Then, the tools and methods for identifying and controlling various risks are described in detail, at the same time, management decision-making and coordination are integrated into the risk management. Finally, a closed loop of self-optimization is established by a continuous optimization evolution path of e-commerce security management.

This book gathers selected science and technology papers presented at the 2018 International Conference on Science Technology and Social Sciences (ICSTSS 2018), organised bi-annually by Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang, Malaysia. Based on the theme ¿Redesigning Education for Industrial Revolution¿, the papers in this book address a broad range of topics in the fundamental and applied sciences, including computer science, engineering, environmental and management, furniture, forestry, health and medicine, material science, mathematics, plantation and agrotechnology, sport science and statistics, covering theoretical, numerical and experimental studies. The book serves as a platform for disseminating research findings by academicians of local, regional and global prominence, as a catalyst to inspire positive innovations in the development of the region. It provides a significant point of reference for academicians and students: for academicians, it is a good source of information to conduct further research; for students, it is the latest point of reference on research conducted in their fields of study. The carefully reviewed papers intend to facilitate the creation of new knowledge through the exchange of ideas, strategies and innovations in various science and technology disciplines, and to contribute towards enhancing the learning environment.

The present book features some introductory discussions on martial arts for the international audience and highlights in brief the complexities of translating the genre into English, often from a comparative literature perspective. Martial arts, also known as Kungfu or Wushu, refer to different families of Chinese fighting styles over many centuries. Martial arts fiction, or Wuxia literature, is a unique genre that depicts adventures of martial artists in ancient China. Understanding martial arts and the Chinese culture and philosophy behind them creates an intriguing experience, particularly, for non-Chinese readers; translating the literature into English poses unparalleled challenges for translators not only because of the culture embedded in it but also the fascinating martial arts moves and captivating names of many characters therein.

This handbook collects the most up-to-date scholarship, knowledge, and new developments of big data and data analytics by bringing together many strands of contextual and disciplinary research. In recent times, while there has been considerable research in exploring the role of big data, data analytics, and textual analytics in accounting, and auditing, we still lack evidence on what kinds of best practices academics, practitioners, and organizations can implement and use. To achieve this aim, the handbook focuses on both conventional and contemporary issues facing by academics, practitioners, and organizations particularly when technology and business environments are changing faster than ever. All the chapters in this handbook provide both retrospective and contemporary views and commentaries by leading and knowledgeable scholars in the field, who offer unique insights on the changing role of accounting and auditing in today¿s data and analytics driven environment. Aimed at academics, practitioners, students, and consultants in the areas of accounting, auditing, and other business disciplines, the handbook provides high-level insight into the design, implementation, and working of big data and data analytics practices for all types of organizations worldwide. The leading scholars in the field provide critical evaluations and guidance on big data and data analytics by illustrating issues related to various sectors such as public, private, not-for-profit, and social enterprises. The handbook¿s content will be highly desirable and accessible to accounting and non-accounting audiences across the globe.

This book provides detailed, up-to-date information on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and all aspects of laparoscopic antireflux surgery. Clear descriptions of surgical techniques and important surgical tips are combined with state of the art research results to create a unique resource for general surgeons and other health care providers. The book opens by presenting the latest knowledge on the pathogenesis of GERD, identifying the target symptoms, and explaining diagnostic tests and their interpretation. The various techniques of fundoplication are then clearly described and illustrated, with provision of advice on the postoperative clinical pathway and the management of complications. Laparoscopic revision of failed antireflux surgery is fully covered, and the use of antireflux surgery in specific situations, such as achalasia and paraesophageal hernia, is discussed. The relationship between sleeve gastrectomy and GERD is also explored. Finally, guidance is provided on magnetic sphincter augmentation using the LINX Reflux Management System and on other emerging surgical options.

The book focuses on the recent technology and advancement in structural integrity and monitoring systems in composite materials. Composites have been widely used in automotive, aerospace and wind turbine industries, therefore it is important to develop state of the art technology to monitor and manage the damage tolerance and durability. This book explores the challenge of a monitoring system in a composite and presents a real-time system which has advantages for damage detection, damage localization, damage assessment and life prediction compared to the Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). It will also present the modelling and prediction of failure in a composite material based on computational analysis of the characteristics and properties of the composite material based on fiber and matrix properties. This book will benefit lecturers, students, researchers, engineers and industrialist who are working in the civil, mechanical engineering, automotive, aerospace and wind turbine industries.

This book is an anthology of research co-edited by Dr. Chia-rong Wu (University of Canterbury) and Professor Ming-ju Fan (National Chengchi University). This collection of original essays integrates and expands research on Taiwan literature because it includes both established and young writers. It not only engages with the evolving trends of literary Taiwan, but also promotes the translocal consciousness and cultural diversity of the island state and beyond. Focusing on the new directions and trends of Taiwan literature, this edited book fits into Taiwan studies, Sinophone studies, and Asian studies.

This edited volume provides state-of¿the-art overview of abiotic stress responses and tolerance mechanisms of different legume crops viz., chickpea, mung bean, lentil, black gram, cowpea, cluster bean, soybean and groundnut.Legumes play an important role in human nutrition and soil health through fixation of nitrogen. Legume production and productivity are vulnerable to different abiotic stresses. A proper understanding about the physiological and molecular basis of the legume crops is essential for genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance.  This book consists of 15 chapters covering physiological and biochemical basis, molecular physiology, molecular breeding, genetics, genomics, transgenics, epigenetics of drought, saline, high temperature and nutrient deficiency stresses, and the role of microRNAs in abiotic stress tolerance. This volume offers new perspectives in legume crop abiotic stress management, and is useful for various stakeholders, including post graduates students, scientists, environmentalists and policymakers.

This book compiles the latest research, development, and application of VRF systems with contributions from various experts who pioneered and contributed to the development of the VRF system. This book presents the fundamental issues related to the real application and behaviour of the VRF system based on the long-term monitoring of the installed system. With our experience of pandemic which COVID-19 is an airborne, the spread of the virus is very fast. With this, the heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) system is a major player in the maintenance and control of indoor environment to minimize the spread of the virus. As the variable refrigerant flow (VRF) system is a versatile HVAC system in which it can operate at different conditions, the application of the VRF system is very important to control the indoor environmental conditions. Thus, the publication of this book is important with the present situation and the future possible situation which the control of indoor spaces is very important. With this, this book will serve as a reference for building designer, contractors, building regulators and students.

This book highlights a high-density helicon plasma source produced by radio frequency excitation in the presence of magnetic fields, which has attracted considerable attention thanks to its wide applicability in various fields, from basic science to industrial use. Presenting specific applications such as plasma thrusters, nuclear fusion, and plasma processing, it offers a review of modern helicon plasma science for a broad readership.The book covers a wide range of topics, including the fundamental physics of helicon plasma and their cutting-edge applications, based on his abundant and broad experience from low to high temperature plasmas, using various linear magnetized machines and nuclear fusion ones such as tokamaks and reversed field pinches. It first provides a brief overview of the field and a crash course on the fundamentals of plasma, including miscellaneous diagnostics, for advanced undergraduate and early graduate students in plasma science, and presents the basics of helicon plasma for beginners in the field. Further, digesting advanced application topics is also useful for experts to have a quick overview of extensive helicon plasma science research.

This book covers various forms of the production of girmitiya culture and literature. One of the main objectives is to conceptualize the idea of girmitya, girmitology, and girmitiya literature, culture, history, and identity in both colonial and postcolonial contexts. This book aims to document the history, experiences, culture, assimilation, and identity of girmitiya community. It also critically analyses the articulation, projection, and production of their experiences of migration and being immigrant, their narratives, tradition, culture, religion, and memory. It also explores how this labour community formulated into a diaspora community and reconnected/created the home (land) and continues to do so in the wake of globalization and Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This book is an attempt to bring the intriguing neglected diverse historical heritage of colonial labour migration and their narratives into the mainstream scholarly debates and discussions in the humanities and the social sciences through the trans- and interdisciplinary perspectives. This book assesses the routes of migration of old diaspora, and it explains the nuances of cultural change among the generations. Although, they have migrated centuries back, absorbed and assimilated, and got citizenships of respective countries of destinations but still their longing for roots, culture, identities, ¿home¿, and the constant struggle is to retain connections with their homeland depicted in their cultural practices, arts, music, songs, folklore and literary manifestations.Neha Singh is Assistant Professor in the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultural Studies at Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.Sajaudeen Chapparban is Assistant Professor in the Centre for Diaspora Studies at Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India.

This book is based on the outcomes of the International Comparative Study on Citizenship Education and Education for ASEANness in ASEAN Countries for the fiscal years 2010 to 2013. In each chapter, it analyzes the awareness of school students in a respective country, while also discussing the importance of the Delphi survey results, a major feature of this project, for educational experts on citizenship education. Examining citizenship education in ten countries, it clarifies which type of citizenship education should be completed after ten years, and what level of citizenship should be acquired in ten years. It also compares the awareness of students from these ten countries from 2010 to 2013. The book argues that citizenship education is indispensable for surviving the twenty-first century, especially in terms of promoting citizenship education in schools.

This book includes original, peer-reviewed research papers from the 2023 4th International Symposium on Insulation and Discharge Computation for Power Equipment (IDCOMPU2023), held in Wuhan, China. The topics covered include but are not limited to: insulation, discharge computations, electric power equipment, and electrical materials. The papers share the latest findings in the field of insulation and discharge computations of electric power equipment, making the book a valuable asset for researchers, engineers, university students, etc.

This book provides an alternative agenda to deepen understanding of grassroots governance and interaction in Taiwan. Through to the Taiwan Local Council origin, the judicature, the finance, the political party, the election behavior, the political participation, the government and the local government relations, and so on have carried on the more thorough research. It not only attracts students' interest, but also deserves a broader readership, especially for any course on Taiwan politics, Chinese politics, and East Asian politics.

This book aims to work out the distributed economic operation in smart grids in a systematic way, which ranges from model-based to model-free perspectives. The main contributions of this book can be summarized into three folds. First, we investigate the fundamental economic operation problems in smart grids from model-based perspective. Specifically, these problems can be modeled as deterministic optimization models, and we propose some distributed optimization algorithms by integrating the multi-agent consensus theory and optimization techniques to achieve the distributed coordination of various generation units and loads. Second, due to the randomness of the large-scale renewable energies and the flexibility of the loads, we further address these economic operation problems from a model-free perspective, and we propose learning-based approaches to address the uncertainty and randomness. At last, we extend the idea of model-based and model-free algorithms to plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) charging/discharging scheduling problem, the key challenge of which involves multiple objectives simultaneously while the behavior of PEVs and the electricity price are intrinsically random. This book presents several recent theoretical findings on distributed economic operation in smart grids from model-based and model-free perspectives. By systematically integrating novel ideas, fresh insights, and rigorous results, this book provides a base for further theoretical research on distributed economic operation in smart grids. It can be a reference for graduates and researchers to study the operation and management in smart grids. Some prerequisites for reading this book include optimization theory, matrix theory, game theory, reinforcement learning, etc.

This book takes a unique interdisciplinary approach to the planned return of humans to the Moon. With the Artemis Project, the US and its partners have planned an ambitious project with the creation of the Lunar Gateway, to be followed by the landing of the first woman and next man on the Moon. This book explains that the Artemis project then forms the basis of planned sustained human missions to Mars. Russia and China have also announced their intentions to establish a permanent base on the Moon and have commenced the deployment of modules which will form part of this project. This book states that whilst there has been a permanent human presence in Low Earth Orbit since 2000, with the continued crew rotation on the International Space Station, perhaps the most successful international collaboration of modern times, the establishment of a base on the Moon will generate new challenges for human survival and success.The continued human presence on the space station has provided an incredible opportunity to observe and study the effect of being in space upon the human body and the human psyche. In addition, this book explores that it has provided the scope and context for a vast range of scientific experiments. Now that it has become likely that more humans will need to live and work in space for sustained periods of time, it is essential that we consider matters beyond the engineering questions of how we go to space to the broader questions of how we will live there? What will we need? What will the effects of sustained living in space be for us, emotionally, cognitively, physically and how do we need to consider the impact we will have on the environment to which we are travelling. This book is unique in that, not only does it bring together a diverse yet complementary set of expertise, but it also consciously brings those different experts together in jointly authored chapters, mirroring the way we will have to work together as teams of diverse experts in space. It creates interwoven chapters co-written by various teams of psychologists, lawyers, engineers, regulators, policy experts, architects and cultural studies experts. This book will enable the fielding and addressing of the difficult questions that need to be considered before space habitation may be a successful and sustained mode of existence.This book fills a gap in the area of space studies which tends to focus on narrow, discipline specific issues. It provides a thought-provoking launchpad for further work in this area and above all, stresses the needs of the human in a hostile environment.

This book helps the reader make use of the mathematical models of biological phenomena starting from the basics of programming and computer simulation. Computer simulations based on a mathematical model enable us to find a novel biological mechanism and predict an unknown biological phenomenon. Mathematical biology could further expand the progress of modern life sciences. Although many biologists are interested in mathematical biology, they do not have experience in mathematics and computer science. An educational course that combines biology, mathematics, and computer science is very rare to date. Published books for mathematical biology usually explain the theories of established mathematical models, but they do not provide a practical explanation for how to solve the differential equations included in the models, or to establish such a model that fits with a phenomenon of interest. MATLAB is an ideal programming platform for the beginners of computer science. This book starts from the very basics about how to write a programming code for MATLAB (or Octave), explains how to solve ordinary and partial differential equations, and how to apply mathematical models to various biological phenomena such as diabetes, infectious diseases, and heartbeats. Some of them are original models, newly developed for this book. Because MATLAB codes are embedded and explained throughout the book, it will be easy to catch up with the text. In the final chapter, the book focuses on the mathematical model of the proneural wave, a phenomenon that guarantees the sequential differentiation of neurons in the brain. This model was published as a paper from the author¿s lab (Sato et al., PNAS 113, E5153, 2016), and was intensively explained in the book chapter ¿Notch Signaling in Embryology and Cancer¿, published by Springer in 2020. This book provides the reader who has a biological background with invaluable opportunities to learn and practice mathematical biology.

Planetary health involves complex spatial¿temporal interactions among agents, hosts, and earth environment. Due to rapid technical development of geomatics, including geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) in the era of big data analytics, therefore, earth data analytics has become one of the important approaches for monitoring earth surface process and measuring of the effects of environment changes on all humans and other living organisms on earth. Various methods in earth data analytics, including spatial¿temporal statistics, spatial evolutionary algorithms, remote sensing image analysis, wireless geo-sensors, and location-based analytics, are an emerging discipline in understanding complex interactions in planetary health. This edited book provides a broad focus on methodological theories of earth data analytics and their applications to measuring the process of planetary health, with the goal to build scientific understanding on how geospatial analytics can provide valuable insights in measuring environmental risks in Southeast Asian regions. It is collection of selected papers covering both theoretical and empirical studies focusing on topics relevant to spatial perspectives on planetary health and environmental exposure studies. The book is written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, lecturers, and researchers in applications of geospatial technologies for public health and environmental studies.

This book gathers outstanding research papers presented at the International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICICTD 2022), held on July 29¿30, 2022, at the Institute of Information and Communication Technology (IICT), Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, Bangladesh. The topics covered are ICT in health care, ICT in e-commerce, e-governance, collective intelligence, soft computing, optimization, cloud computing, machine learning, intelligent software, robotics, data science, data security, big data analytics and IoT, information systems, computer network, algorithms, and natural language processing.

This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 12th International Workshop of Advanced Manufacturing and Automation (IWAMA 2022), held in Jimei University, Xiamen, China on 01 - 02 November, 2022. Topics focusing on novel techniques for manufacturing and automation in Industry 4.0 are now vital factors for the maintenance and improvement of the economy of a nation and the quality of life. It will help academic researchers and engineering to implement the concept, theory and methods in Industry 4.0 which has been a hot topic. These proceedings will make valuable contributions to academic researchers, engineers in the industry for the challenges in the 4th industry revolution and smart factories.

This book elucidates the sustainable production of commercially important biomolecules in medicines, food, and beverage processing, through biological systems, including microorganisms, animal cells, plant cells, tissues, enzymes, and in vitro. It discusses promising technologies for the manipulation of cells including, genetic engineering, synthetic biology, genome editing, and metabolic engineering. The initial chapters of the book introduce topics on biomanufacturing, circular economy, strain design and improvement, upstream and downstream processing. The subsequent chapters cover artificial intelligence-assisted production, designer cell factories, biosensors for monitoring biomolecules, different cells factories, biosynthetic pathways, and genome editing approaches for scale-up biomanufacturing. Lastly, the book discusses the opportunities and challenges of implementing biological systems for the production of biomolecules.¿This book is a valuable source for students, researchers, scientists, clinicians, stakeholders, policymakers, and practitioners to understand biomanufacturing for the sustainable production of biomolecules.

This book reviews and analyses higher education financing and explores the innovative ways by both public higher education and private higher education institutes in the context of globalization, with India, Russia and Tanzania as a case study. It examines the diverse policy discourses which greatly influence the higher education systems based on evidence-based research. This book is arranged into four major themes. Part 1 deals with the various possible modes of financing of higher education, such as the credit market and voucher system. Part 2 deals with strategies to mobilize the resources. Part 3 deals with innovative and sustainable approaches to financing private higher education institutions. Part 4 discusses the policies and limitations with external financing of higher education. It is an interesting collection of various themes in different chapters by serious researchers. It is an excellent read for students, educators and policymakers interested in alternative and innovative practices in higher education financing. It is a highly informative book for researchers providing insights on how social and political dynamics impact higher education financing.

This book is novel in that it reveals significant issues of economics, management and business fields currently observed in network industries such as public utilities and transportation, and provides empirical evidence of their mechanisms and policy implications from various perspectives. This is a holistic collection of literature on public utilities economics and management, since the industries discussed include a wide range such as electricity, water supply, sewerage, transport, and postal service, which compound social infrastructure as public benefit service, and the issues examined contain not only economics topics such as cost, efficiency, and productivity, but also management topics such as governance, strategy and organizational restructuring. The book also investigates general private companies to derive future implications for policy and governance of public utilities, and covers multiple countries such as Japan, the US, and Vietnam. It demonstrates various empirical approaches and methodologies for public utility analysis through 17 chapters by experts in each field, which contributes to further cultivation of empirical studies in public utilities.

This book consists of global scholars¿ views on mankind¿s wishes for the future, the Belt and Road Initiative, bilateral cooperation, inter-civilization exchanges, and mutual learning among Asian civilizations, which represent a critical way to boost the construction of an Asian community with a shared future and a community with a shared future for mankind. It also gives some insight into the future development of Asian civilizations. The book aims to present a diverse and balanced overview on the prospect of Asian development.

This book highlights the basic properties of round bamboo and bamboo strips of various species worldwide. Processing and properties enhancing treatment of bamboo strips and round bamboo are discussed. It presents the structural applications of round and engineered bamboo and provides an insight on the potential applications as construction and building materials. Bamboo as multipurpose plant in various fields such as chemical feedstocks, energy sources, furniture, fabric, pulp and paper, and their recent developments are also discussed in detail. The book also includes the economic, social, and environmental assessment of bamboo products.

This book provides a highly practical introduction to Bayesian statistical modeling with Stan, which has become the most popular probabilistic programming language.The book is divided into four parts. The first part reviews the theoretical background of modeling and Bayesian inference and presents a modeling workflow that makes modeling more engineering than art. The second part discusses the use of Stan, CmdStanR, and CmdStanPy from the very beginning to basic regression analyses. The third part then introduces a number of probability distributions, nonlinear models, and hierarchical (multilevel) models, which are essential to mastering statistical modeling. It also describes a wide range of frequently used modeling techniques, such as censoring, outliers, missing data, speed-up, and parameter constraints, and discusses how to lead convergence of MCMC. Lastly, the fourth part examines advanced topics for real-world data: longitudinal data analysis, state space models, spatial data analysis, Gaussian processes, Bayesian optimization, dimensionality reduction, model selection, and information criteria, demonstrating that Stan can solve any one of these problems in as little as 30 lines.Using numerous easy-to-understand examples, the book explains key concepts, which continue to be useful when using future versions of Stan and when using other statistical modeling tools. The examples do not require domain knowledge and can be generalized to many fields. The book presents full explanations of code and math formulas, enabling readers to extend models for their own problems. All the code and data are on GitHub.

This monograph describes the new quantum theory called the weakest bound electron theory (WBE theory) proposed by Prof. Neng-Wu Zheng and its applications. It starts with the fundamentals of quantum mechanics and then illustrates the key points of WBE theory and the mathematical expressions of WBE theory. Finally, it presents a wide range of applications of WBE theory to the chemical and physical properties of atoms and molecules, including energy levels, transition properties, the difference law of ionization energies etc. It appeals to a broad readership, particularly researchers and academics in chemistry, physics, and materials science.

The book presents selected papers from International Conference on Data Science and Emerging Technologies (DaSET 2023), held online at UNITAR International University, Malaysia during December 4¿5, 2023. This book presents current research and applications of data science and emerging technologies. The topics covered are artificial intelligence, big data technology, machine and deep learning, data mining, optimization algorithms, blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, computer vision, cybersecurity, augmented and virtual reality, cryptography, and statistical learning.

This book presents the current state of knowledge regarding the ability of Helicobacter pylori to colonize the gastrointestinal tract, the global epidemiology of H. pylori infection, transmission routes, the pathophysiology of H. pylori-related gastroduodenal and other diseases, diagnosis and treatment methods, guidelines for eradication, antibiotic resistance, the reinfection and recrudescence rate after H. pylori eradication, the effect of H. pylori and its eradication on the gastric microbiota and animal models of H. pylori or related Helicobacter infection. The aim is to equip readers around the world with the understanding required in order to implement effective methods of H. pylori eradication and to enhance clinical outcomes for patients. In addition, readers can understand the interaction between H. pylori and other gut microbiota during chronic infection and after H. pylori eradication. The text is clearly written and is complemented by many helpful illustrations. This book will be a great asset in clinical practice for all practitioners who are involved in caring for patients with H. pylori-related diseases or have an interest in the subject. It will also be a useful source of information for medical students and for intelligent laypeople seeking information on H. pylori.

This book provides an overview of functional membranes for efficient ion/molecule transfer and separation. It first presents the design, fabrication, structure, and performance of several kinds of membranes. Then, the application of membrane technology in organic solvent nanofiltration, hydrogen fuel cells, and solid-state lithium batteries is introduced. Furthermore, the book proposes strategies of strengthening the ion/molecular-level separation and transfer process in membrane processes. It also analyzes the development status, existing problems, and optimization methods in the field of membranes and membrane processes. Finally, it highlights the construction strategy of membrane structures, the structure¿performance relationships as well as the transfer and separation mechanisms. The target group of this book is academics and researchers in materials science, chemical engineering, biomedical engineering, and other related fields.