Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer New York

Advances in technological and analytical methods have fostered rapid growth of systems biology and synthetic biology.  There continues to be rapid changes and discoveries in both fields with a small number of recent peer-reviewed reviews indicating some of the relationships between systems biology and synthetic biology.  This proposed SpringerBrief will cover core concepts of systems biology and synthetic biology and illustrate the implementation of associated research methodologies for an integrated approach to specifically address engineering microorganisms for biofuel production.¿

Polynomial optimization have been a hot research topic for the past few years and its applications range from Operations Research, biomedical engineering, investment science, to quantum mechanics, linear algebra, and signal processing, among many others. In this brief the authors discuss some important subclasses of polynomial optimization models arising from various applications, with a focus on approximations algorithms with guaranteed worst case performance analysis. The brief presents a clear view of the basic ideas underlying the design of such algorithms and the benefits are highlighted by illustrative examples showing the possible applications. This timely treatise will appeal to researchers and graduate students in the fields of optimization, computational mathematics, Operations Research, industrial engineering, and computer science.

Tracing the life of a giant in inorganic chemistry and key trends in his science, Boranes and Beyond follows Hawthorne from his mid-American origins to the halls of Harvard and UCLA and back again. It naturally details the accomplishments in his lab. This book is a fascinating mixture of science and autobiography. Prof. Hawthorne won the Priestley Medal, the highest award of the American Chemical Society, for his pioneering work in elucidating the chemistry of boron. He has chronicled in this book the developments in his lab which ultimately led to this achievement.Not content to rest on his laurels, after retiring from UCLA Prof. Hawthorne explored the use of boron in biomedicine and directed the International Institute of Nano & Molecular Medicine at the University of Missouri-Columbia.

This book serves as an introduction to the continuum mechanics and mathematical modeling of complex fluids in living systems. The form and function of living systems are intimately tied to the nature of surrounding fluid environments, which commonly exhibit nonlinear and history dependent responses to forces and displacements. With ever-increasing capabilities in the visualization and manipulation of biological systems, research on the fundamental phenomena, models, measurements, and analysis of complex fluids has taken a number of exciting directions. In this book, many of the world's foremost experts explore key topics such as:Macro- and micro-rheological techniques for measuring the material properties of complex biofluids and the subtleties of data interpretationExperimental observations and rheology of complex biological materials, including mucus, cell membranes, the cytoskeleton, and bloodThe motility of microorganisms in complex fluids and the dynamics of active suspensionsChallenges and solutions in the numerical simulation of biologically relevant complex fluid flowsThis volume will be accessible to advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in engineering, mathematics, biology, and the physical sciences, but will appeal to anyone interested in the intricate and beautiful nature of complex fluids in the context of living systems.

This book is about object-oriented programming and how it is implemented in Microsoft Visual Basic. Accordingly, the book has two separate, but inter- twined, goals. The first is to describe the general concepts of object orientation and the second is to describe how to do object-oriented programming in Visual Basic. I intend this to be a short, no-nonsense book that can be read through once and then easily referred to at later times. (Long stories about a mythical company and its programming problems are seldom interesting the first time through, let alone the second, third or fourth times!) To read this book, you need only a minimal acquaintance with Visual Basic. In particular, I assume you can construct a simple Visual Basic program and have some rudimentary knowledge of fundamental programming tech- niques. This book does not teach Visual Basic - it teaches you how to pro- gram Visual Basic in an object-oriented way. The issue here is not how much Visual Basic you already know - it is that you want to learn about object- oriented programming techniques. With regard to the first goal of the book, it is my feeling that a discussion of the underlying concepts of object orientation Oust what is an object, a class, encapsulation, abstraction, and so on) is essential in order to take full advan- tage of any object-oriented language. Simply put, it will help you understand what you are doing if you know why you are doing it.

Medical Therapy of Ulcerative Colitis will serve as an invaluable resource for individual physicians use who treat patients with ulcerative colitis. The text presents a comprehensive overview of medical therapy for management of specific clinical scenarios and also a focus on the individual medications used to treat patients with ulcerative colitis. The book will be evidence based and focus on simplifying the current treatment to make it easy to understand. The chapters are written by experts in their fields and provide the most up to date information. This book will target gastroenterologists who focus on IBD, general gastroenterologists, fellows, and surgeons such as colorectal surgeons or GI surgeons who may treat patients with ulcerative colitis.

This monograph offers a thorough and updated guide to the theory and methods of progressive censoring, an area that has experienced tremendous growth in recent years. Progressive censoring, originally proposed in the 1950s, is an efficient method of handling samples from industrial experiments involving lifetimes of units that have either failed or censored in a progressive fashion during the life test, with many practical applications to reliability and quality.Key topics and features:Data sets from the literature as well as newly simulated data sets are used to illustrate concepts throughout the textEmphasis on real-life applications to life testing, reliability, and quality controlDiscussion of parametric and nonparametric inferenceCoverage of experimental design with optimal progressive censoringThe Art of Progressive Censoring is a valuable reference for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners inapplied statistics, quality control, life testing, and reliability. With its accessible style and concrete examples, the work may also be used as a textbook in advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate courses on censoring or progressive censoring, as well as a supplementary textbook for a course on ordered data.

This new volume in the series Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century is a novel book on the role of microbes in the pathogenesis of common and disabling non-infectious diseases. New insights have emerged over the past several years suggesting that our commensal microflora of the gut is extremely important in regulating physiological and immune functions of the body. Covered are the perturbations of the normal composition of our endogenous microbiota, influenced by diet and genetic predispositions, as well as the mechanisms to produce common disorders such as obesity, diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome, colon cancer and atherosclerotic vascular diseases. Also explored is the evidence suggesting that predisposition to increasingly common afflictions such as asthma and multiple sclerosis is influenced, in combination with our genetic composition, by early life exposure to environmental microbes and the time of onset of common viral infections. Chapters provide the most recent information on these disorders with regards to epidemiology, current concepts on pathogenesis and mechanisms of their biology, recent research and data on the role of microbes, analysis of their validity and conclusive remarks and areas for future research.The Role of Microbes in Common Non-Infectious Diseases is an excellent resource for both physicians and investigators from a broad range of disciplines that will help to stimulate new concepts of disease pathogenesis and lead to the unraveling of their mechanisms of diseases and to novel treatments.

Every mathematician agrees that every mathematician must know some set theory; the disagreement begins in trying to decide how much is some. This book contains my answer to that question. The purpose of the book is to tell the beginning student of advanced mathematics the basic set- theoretic facts of life, and to do so with the minimum of philosophical discourse and logical formalism. The point of view throughout is that of a prospective mathematician anxious to study groups, or integrals, or manifolds. From this point of view the concepts and methods of this book are merely some of the standard mathematical tools; the expert specialist will find nothing new here. Scholarly bibliographical credits and references are out of place in a purely expository book such as this one. The student who gets interested in set theory for its own sake should know, however, that there is much more to the subject than there is in this book. One of the most beautiful sources of set-theoretic wisdom is still Hausdorff's Set theory. A recent and highly readable addition to the literature, with an extensive and up-to-date bibliography, is Axiomatic set theory by Suppes.

Obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer in older women. A number of adipose-derived and obesity-related factors have been shown to affect tumour cell growth. These include adipokines, insulin, IGF-1 and oestrogens. The majority of obesity-related postmenopausal breast cancers are oestrogen-dependent. Since the ovaries no longer produce oestrogens after menopause, and that circulating levels are negligible, it is evident that it is the oestrogens produced locally within the breast adipose that are responsible for the increased growth of breast cancer cells. Aromatase is the enzyme that converts androgens into oestrogens and its regulation is dependent on the activity of a number of tissue-specific promoters. Targeting oestrogen biosynthesis in obesity may be useful for the prevention of breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors are efficacious at treating postmenopausal breast cancer and recent studies suggest that they may also be useful in the prevention setting. However, these compounds inhibit the catalytic activity of aromatase and as a consequence lead to a number of undesirable side-effects, including arthralgia and possible cognitive defects due to inhibition of aromatase in the bone and brain, respectively. Novel therapies, such as those employed to treat obesity-associated disease, including anti-diabetics, may prove successful at inhibiting aromatase specifically within the breast. This SpringerBrief will explore all of these issues in depth and the authors are in a unique position to write about this topic, having extensive experience in the field of aromatase research.

Aimed at mathematicians and computer scientists who will only be exposed to one course in this area, Computability: A Mathematical Sketchbook provides a brief but rigorous introduction to the abstract theory of computation, sometimes also referred to as recursion theory. It develops major themes in computability theory, such as Rice's theorem and the recursion theorem, and provides a systematic account of Blum's complexity theory as well as an introduction to the theory of computable real numbers and functions. The book is intended as a university text, but it may also be used for self-study; appropriate exercises and solutions are included.

TO THE INSTRUCTOR I hear, I forget. I see, I remember. I do, I understand. Anonymous OBJECTIVES OF WORKSHOP CALCULUS 1. Impel students to be active learners. 2. Help students to develop confidence about their ability to think about and do mathematics. 3. Encourage students to read, write, and discuss mathematical ideas. 4. Enhance students' understanding of the fundamental concepts under- ing the calculus. 5. Prepare students to use calculus in other disciplines. 6. Inspire students to continue their study of mathematics. 7. Provide an environment where students enjoy learning and doing ma- ematics. xi xii To the Instructor THE WORKSHOP APPROACH Workshop Calculus with Graphing Calculators: Guided Exploration with Review provides students with a gateway into the study of calculus. The two-volume series integrates a review of basic precalculus ideas with the study of c- cepts traditionally encountered in beginning calculus: functions, limits, - rivatives, integrals, and an introduction to integration techniques and d- ferential equations. It seeks to help students develop the confidence, understanding, and skills necessary for using calculus in the natural and - cial sciences, and for continuing their study of mathematics.

"e;Observing the Sun"e; is for amateur astronomers at all three levels: beginning, intermediate, and advanced. The beginning observer is often trying to find a niche or define a specific interest in his hobby, and the content of this book will spark that interest in solar observing because of the focus on the dynamics of the Sun. Intermediate and advanced observers will find the book invaluable in identifying features (through photos, charts, diagrams) in a logical, orderly fashion and then guiding the observer to interpret the observations. Because the Sun is a dynamic celestial body in constant flux, astronomers rarely know for certain what awaits them at the eyepiece. All features of the Sun are transient and sometimes rather fleeting. Given the number of features and the complex life cycles of some, it can be a challenging hobby. "e;Observing the Sun"e; provides essential illustrations, charts, and diagrams that depict the forms and life cycles of the numerous features visible on the Sun.

With the advent of CCDs and webcams, the focus of amateur astronomy has to some extent shifted from science to art. Visual work in astronomy has a rich history. Today, imaging is now more prominent. However there is still much for the visual amateur astronomer to do, and visual work is still a valid component of amateur astronomy. Paul Abel has been addressing this issue by promoting visual astronomy wherever possible - at talks to astronomical societies, in articles for popular science magazines, and on BBC TV's The Sky at Night.Visual Lunar and Planetary Astronomy is a comprehensive modern treatment of visual lunar and planetary astronomy, showing that even in the age of space telescopes and interplanetary probes it is still possible to contribute scientifically with no more than a moderately-priced commercially made astronomical telescope.It is believed that imaging and photography is somehow more objective and more accurate than the eye, and this has led to a peculiar "e;crisis of faith"e; in the human visual system and its amazing processing power. But by analyzing observations from the past, we can see how accurate visual astronomy really is! Measuring the rotational period of Mars and making accurate lunar charts for American astronauts were all done by eye. The book includes sections on how the human visual system works, how to view an object through an eyepiece, and how to record observations and keep a scientific notebook. The book also looks at how to make an astronomical, rather than an artistic, drawing. Finally, everything here will also be of interest to those imagers who wish to make their images more scientifically applicable by combining the methods and practices of visual astronomy with imaging.

Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS and disturbances in glutamate transport contribute to a number of neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Appropriate levels of cholesterol are very important for the proper functioning of glutamate transport while unbalanced levels of cholesterol have been implicated in the pathogenesis of disorders such as stroke, ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and neurotoxicity. In the proposed book, the author presents data from the literature and from her own lab to address the extent to and way in which membrane cholesterol modulates presynaptic glutamate transport and whether lowering the level of cholesterol available can offer some neuroprotective benefits.