Bücher veröffentlicht von University Press of America

The complexities involved in social dilemmas and ecological troubles today challenge scientists to conduct analyses of cultural phenomena that push the boundaries of disciplines and blur the line between theory and practice. Problems are not so much to be solved as they are to be explained, predicted, and navigated. Luther P. Gerlach, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at the University of Minnesota, has exercised immense influence on social science, policy, and practice to accomplish these challenges. Professor Gerlach is highly regarded within and beyond anthropology for two areas of outstanding research: groundbreaking work on social movements and pioneering studies of local-global environmental conflict, i.e. the conflict between local social, political, and economic control versus global ecological and economic interdependence. This volume's Preface traces Professor Gerlach's intellectual biography and the peer-reviewed chapters indicate the far-reaching impact he and his research continue to have on academic and applied science. Topics cover theories and methods as well as timely case studies in: · Global climate policy · Language and social movements · Environmental and ecosystem management · Public debate, environmental justice, and risk construction · Complexity theory and organizations · Cultural expression and archaic hunting methods · Energy use · Political economy and witch-killings · Public health.

Every Vote Counts starts from the premise that free and fair elections are the foundation upon which democracy is built. Given this fact, the study explores the role of foreign electoral assistance in helping to spread democracy around the globe during the past two decades. Among other issues, its authors examine: (1) the challenges of organizing elections in two of the most demanding environments of recent years (Iraq and Afghanistan); (2) the effect of African popular opinion about the quality of elections on citizens' trust in their political institutions; (3) how Ukrainians have chosen legal and electoral means to resolve disputes rather than open conflict; (4) Indonesia's growing understanding of democracy, which has resulted in increased participation; and (5) electoral assistance as a critical component of American public diplomacy and efforts to reach out to the rest of the world.Each chapter of Every Vote Counts documents the experiences of democracy professionals, who often use case studies to describe what worked-and what didn't-on the ground, instead of relying on mere conjectures. Above all, these experts underscore the importance of providing democratic assistance long enough for local officials to acquire the expertise and confidence they need to manage elections on their own.

Denes Striny's international singing career brought him to the major opera houses of the world in leading roles. At the same time, he was evolving his vocal technique in a quest to find his full vocal potential. This book documents his struggles and successes with himself, teachers, coaches, and other singers. Striny, while maintaining his singing career, also had a full studio of singers studying with him in New York City.In this his first book, Striny confronts and explains the universal problem in singing today. This problem is at the center of an important dilemma in the world of opera today-namely, where have all the great operatic voices gone? Striny dissects the problem and offers the solution, which is a return to singing in the "Head Voice," the only true operatic sound. For the past sixty years, the knowledge that there are thirty-two muscles, bones, ligaments, and sinewy masses of tissue located around the larynx led teachers and students to chase this anatomical knowledge in search of answers to vocal theories. However, they have not learned the basic fundamental truth-those who sing in the head voice are the only true operatic voices.The late Birgit Nilsson, international opera legend and long-time friend, mentor, and teacher to Striny, shares her insights with Striny and the reader throughout the book. Head First is a must for teachers, students, professional singers, and opera lovers who will gain valuable insight into the "voice of opera."

Forbidden Wars proposes to explain why no nuclear weapon has been fired in anger since 1945, why no nuclear weapon has ever been detonated by accident, why terrorists have made no serious attempt to acquire nuclear weapons, and why the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union never broke out into a real war. All of these remarkable non-events flow from a set of unwritten but compelling rules for war-making that appeared spontaneously after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki-along with a taboo against any further use of nuclear weapons-which have so far been universally respected.The most important effect of these rules is that every nation with a nuclear arsenal is virtually immune to attack by the armed forces of any other nation. The same rules seem to explain the global spread of insurgencies and the successes and failures of the non-proliferation regime. These developments are not the result of a conventional understanding of nuclear deterrence, but instead are based on the well-documented history of armed conflict in the world during the past sixty years. Forbidden Wars presents a unique insight that casts new light on America's foreign policy.

For Oe Kenzaburo, a Japanese novelist who won the 1994 Noble prize in literature, William Faulkner is not so much a father of Yoknapatawpha as he is a critic of the masculine possessiveness attributed to the creation of the imaginary county. Faulkner and Oe: The Self-Critical Imagination focuses on the Faulknerian influence on Oe's satirical or self-critical imagination-especially on his feminist or hermaphroditic criticism of the male "I" contained within the shosetsu (novel). Akio Kimura expertly investigates Oe's feminist turn in his novels in the 1980s as a criticism of this "I" as an authoritarian first-person narrator. Oe considers this concept to be a disruptive reflection of Japanese society's established order.Oe's response to such a disruption is the introduction of a series of metaphors utilized in order to represent Faulkner's individualism and the subsequent deconstruction of Japanese autocracy. Drawing on Kofman, Irigaray, and Derrida, this book explores how Faulkner's individualism inspires Oe to juxtapose the Japanese authoritarian and the Faulknerian self-critical. Kimura explains that Oe's intensive reading of Faulkner's later novels-The Town, The Mansion, A Fable-has brought him a sense of ambiguity, or his awareness of being split between the Japanese "I" and the Western "I." By comparing these two significant novelists, this study acutely highlights the generic difference between the novel of the West and the Japanese shosetsu.

The national withdrawal rate from medical school averages about 1%, but withdrawal from surgical residency programs is much higher, roughly 16%. The drop out risk is greater for white women and minorities than for white males. Getting Cut examines the factors which lead to resignation from these graduate residency programs by observing the dynamic interplay between the institution and individual residents. Professor O'Connell analyzes the current shortcomings in the process of selection, and looks at how the culture, structure, and organization of these educational programs affect the drop out rate once residents have been accepted. An analysis of the 'old boy's network' culture of these surgical programs exposes the greater risk of withdrawal among female and minority residents. Further examination of the process of resident evaluation reveals that in addition to being graded on cognitive knowledge and critical judgment, residents are also evaluated on personal characteristics, the most important being 'honesty.' Professor O'Connell demonstrates how the medical faculty's subjective assessment of these elusive and contestable qualities not only aid in identifying the morally deficient among the technically proficient, but also how these practices promote discrimination as well.

This work demonstrates the power of the ancient, biblical narrative, the book of Joshua, as it pertains to everyday life. The book intends to dismiss antiquated assumptions of biblical formation by examining biblical scholarship from new and creative phenomenological perspectives. Professor Soggie argues that the anecdotal wisdom drawn from these perspectives exposes the natural function of the narrative as it relates to every individual and transforms the way we view ancient literature. Furthermore, this study challenges readers' predisposed assertions about the book of Joshua so that it feels as though they are being introduced to the story for the first time. Top biblical scholars, experts in archetypal psychology, and novices alike will be able to expand their view of ancient literature.

This work argues that the original intent of the Fourth Amendment was subverted due to a significant shift in the concept of justice among many political and legal thinkers in the twentieth century.

The conflict between Islam and the West is as disturbing on the outside, as it polarizes the world, as it is on the inside, when it divides families and causes enormous stress to Muslims living in the West. A mutual understanding is the answer to both of these conflicts. This work enhances the West's understanding of Muslim minorities and helps Muslims to understand their own identity problem in Western culture. Ultimately, Professor Akhtar delineates how Muslim families can integrate into Western society in a creative way that will benefit their families and society-at-large. Muslim Family in a Dilemma provides empirical examinations of many problems in the Muslim family in the U.S. and Europe, such as divorce, mental health, and the abuse of women. One chapter gives a special analysis of the maltreatment of Muslim women in Turkish families in Germany. In regard to these issues and women's equality, the Western position is accepted, and Islam is interpreted in several chapters as reconcilable with this outlook. Further consistent with the Western position, is what the writer of the last chapter, a Muslim female, has to state: pleasing your wife sexually is a religious obligation in Islam. That is in regard to sex in marriage. However, sex outside of marriage or free sex is irreconcilable to Islam. In a detailed critique of some of the Western practices and anti-family forces, Professor Akhtar determines the mutually exclusive relationship between unrestricted sex and marital integrity. One can have free sex or long-lasting marriage, but not both. He considers extra-marital sex as a paradox of Western culture, as it derives from an overvaluation of sex and overemphasis of individualism and cuts into relationships.

The Past in Present Times exposes the violations of human rights, war crimes, and genocide during the rise of the former Yugoslavia during World War I, prior to and directly after World War II, the Yugoslav War, and the recent fall of the federation. In addition to the legal findings by the Nuremberg and Hague Tribunals, including the most recent trials, this legal-historical analysis reviews details of undisputed facts and recorded dialogues, which unveils surprising background information. As Dr. Lajco Klajn leads the reader along an historical line of events, he clarifies the factors and circumstances that led to genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity while explaining the social, legal, historical, and moral consequences. Without forcing judgment about the past, Dr. Klajn exposes the roots of these conflicts and explains why if the roots are not eradicated, the conflicts may resurface in the future as a manifestation of even more monstrous wars and suffering as the past becomes the present once again.

The economic recession and the rising healthcare costs experienced by many states in the U.S. is leading us towards the enactment of legislation that will reform the way that healthcare is provided and paid for within the individual states. TennCare was developed in Tennessee as a bold healthcare reform strategy that would simultaneously contain rapidly rising Medicaid costs while expanding insurance for a large, uninsured Tennessee population.The implementation of TennCare in January 1994 instituted the move of Tennessee's Medicaid patients into managed care health plans. This study describes the design, rationale, implementation strategy, and issues of the reform program, as well as offering in depth insight regarding the effects of the reform strategy on disproportionate share hospitals, i.e. hospitals that serve a large portion of Medicaid and uninsured patients. Data spanning ten years of pre- and post-Tenncare were analyzed to determine the effects of TennCare on the hospitals. Dr. Ogbonna provides a template for dealing with policy, managerial, and administrative issues of rising healthcare costs in Tennessee and the nation in general.

Translating H/holy S/spirit examines the biblical concept of the 'holy spirit.' Twenty-five English translations are consulted revealing a high degree of ambiguity and inconsistency in translating this central concept. This is clearly evident in the apparent arbitrariness and inconsistency in capitalization. When 'Spirit' is capitalized, it is generally assumed that a person is being referred to. This raises questions as to whether the Spirit is simply a personification of some attribute or activity of God, or whether Spirit may refer to a distinct hypostasis in the Godhead. When 'spirit' appears in lowercase, it is generally assumed that an impersonal gift or enablement is intended. Translating H/holy S/spirit presents four models by which these difficulties are examined and clarified. Each model is defined, defended, and then deconstructed.

This project explores the manner in which one form of political legitimacy came to overtake another, the enfranchisement of the Volk at the expense of monarchy during World War I Germany.

Entrepreneurs who become intrapreneurs (form a formal relationship with a large organization) will have to learn to function drastically different in their new role. In order to achieve the expected success of bringing together the complimentary strengths of the two participants, several strategic issues will have to be quickly confronted.

Elizabeth Colson is a giant of twentieth and twenty-first century social science scholarship. For sixty years (beginning in 1946), she has carried out regular and intensive anthropological research amongst one of central Africa's most important ethnic groups, the Tonga of Zambia and Zimbabwe. She is the author of an astonishing number of books and articles concerning virtually every aspect of Tonga life, including religion, law, marriage, education, and the impact of relocation.Colson has made important theoretical and comparative contributions as well. She has inspired, encouraged, and greatly influenced three generations of scholars studying the Tonga. Fourteen of those scholars, from disciplines including social and physical anthropology, history, political science, and education have contributed essays for this volume. In addition, Colson has written a concluding essay for this work in which she gives her reflections on her own and others' scholarship. This work sheds light on the Tonga's pre-colonial past; colonial transformations; religious and political life; gender relations; growing up and growing old; the consequences of resettlement; and much more. It is a major contribution to several strains of African studies.

Becoming President is a study of African American professionals' ascensions to the office of college or university president. Using a mixed method design and study to examine archival biographical data of African American presidents at historically black colleges and universities and at traditionally white institutions, Professor Mishra explores the career mobility patterns of African American presidents who have served at both types of institutions.

This work builds on Bernard Berelson's 1949 "Uses and Gratifications" landmark study for Columbia University, which analyzed a crosssection of men and women living in New York who did not receive the newspaper during a New York Times strike. Respondents were asked for the reasons he or she bought a newspaper and what gratification associated with the paper was unavailable to them during the strike. A typical newspaper reader emerged that cited respite, entertainment, information, socialization, and public affairs knowledge as the most typical reasons they sought out a newspaper.Professor German uses the Berelson study as a base to survey Mormon, Jewish, and Methodist communities in the New York suburbs to see if critical differences existed among faiths. Her aim is to segment the contemporary newspaper market (circa 2003) by minority versus majority faiths to be analyzed. Professor German's study has produced conclusive results among these faiths in terms of media usage and reasons for the usage that are significant in the fields of religion, sociology, and media studies.

Robert D. Wallace combines his research and experiences while working in South Korea as an intelligence officer and analyst to further enhance understanding regarding the types of illicit and questionable methods North Korea employs to raise funds overseas. Wallace provides analysis of illicit activities, such as: - drug smuggling - counterfeiting - aid diversion - North Korea's weapons and technology transfers - support from Koreans in Japan and, overall coordinating efforts of Bureau 39, the organization that controls North Korea's overseas fundraising operations. Wallace proposes that North Korea's actions post a low to medium risk to the U.S., but they are a critical measure used by Kim Jong-Il to retain his control over the country. This work presents suggested roles for each of the key players in the region to engage North Korea, and discusses the risks involved in attempting to stop these money raising efforts, which could lead to increased tensions or war on the Korean peninsula.

Character Education juxtaposes John Dewey's philosophy of the person and values education with Alasdair MacIntyre's treatment of Aristotle's virtue theory in order to highlight the importance of virtue in developing good character.

This work explores Britain's attempt to take land from the Bantu-Luyia peoples of Western Kenya for gold mining following the discovery of gold in the North Kavirondo (NK) reserve in 1931.

Good God! (And Other Follies) takes a critical and satirical look at the wave of religiosity now sweeping the country. From faith-based initiatives to bans on stem cell research, from public postings of the Ten Commandments to attacks on evolution, American godliness has apparently never had it so good. Much of this behavior and even more of the God-talk accompanying it, whether fueled by passionate faith, cultural resentment, or political opportunism, is intellectually absurd. This book points out this absurdity and explores the underlying fallacies, contradictions and, at times, sheer nonsense that beset not only Christianity, but Judaism and Islam as well.

In this work, the relationship between psychology and religion is analyzed. It presents an analysis of the teachings of the Eastern Church Fathers on the world, man, and the psychological aspects of the union of man with God. Archbishop Chrysostomos works into his presentation the extent of his own research as well as the writings of Metropolitan Hierotheos, which include attempts to evaluate the place, significance, and the effectiveness of Orthodox psychotherapy in secular psychotherapy and its application in the clinical setting.

Does the prospect of possible execution save lives by deterring the act of murder? Heilbrun presents evidence concerning whether state death penalties demonstrate the two necessary properties of a true deterrent. He also analyzes rarely-considered factors that influence the deterrence of murder and discusses the common criticisms of capital punishment.

Mongers in Heaven is an exploration of "Monger Culture." Mongers, as defined by the author in relation to sexual tourism to Costa Rica, are tourists and expatriates who have developed a unique culture of simulation, lying, marriages, gender games, and sexual liberation. Schifter-Sikora analyzes the relatively new phenomenon of American senior citizens mass-traveling to Central America in search of sex and love from prostitutes. The social and economic impact of their travel, as well as the increase in new HIV infections in the U.S. and the Central American countries, is at the core of Schifter-Sikora's analysis. The author also makes a unique psychological analysis that includes both the sex worker and her American client and their mutual aspirations and disappointments.The study features unique quantitative data on this population of sex workers and clients and the group's reasons for and expectations of sexual tourism. Also under analysis by Schifter-Sikora, is Jean Baudrillard's theory of simulation and simulacra, here in relation to the disappearance of the "real" in sexual tourism. American sex tourists are creating a sexual culture where truth is no longer relevant or desired. Costa Rican sex workers, for their part, hope for the traditional "real" that the Americans are escaping from. Both groups are turning a former Banana Republic into a sexualized fantasy land where women who charge are lovers and prospective wives, and those who do not are seen as the real prostitutes.

Illustrates how Judaism's classical rabbis of the first seven centuries of the Common Era read the ancient Israelite scriptures. This anthology presents a selection of writings that show what happens to the five books of Moses at the hands of the Rabbinical sages of the formative age of Judaism.

What is said can be understood only when seen in the context of what is not said. Many ancient and medieval philosophers use this dynamic of presence and absence. Gray shows how each author amplifies meaning in the distance between what he puts into his work and what he leaves unsaid.

In the first six centuries of the Common Era, the Rabbis of formative Judaism, from the Mishnah through the Bavli, consulted the ancient Israelite prophets for guidance on issues of theology, law, history, and literature. In this anthology, Jacob Neusner collects and arranges in documentary sequence the Rabbinic comments on verses in the biblical prophet Hosea.

This book appeals to individuals of this nation to join forces in saving children from inadequate academic experiences that are damaging to their growth, development, and success in life. It establishes a blueprint for the infrastructure and staffing of a charter school that will instill passion and purpose in students.

This book contextualizes Maxine Greene's educational pedagogy within an existentialist tradition. By drawing on the works of Jean-Paul Sartre, Paulo Freire, and Merleau-Ponty, Professor Rasheed analyzes how Greene's work represents an advance in existentialist discourse via her interpretation of concepts, such as choice, freedom, and possibility within an educational setting.

It is not uncommon for diplomats to publish their memoirs after they retire from the Foreign Service. What is unusual for an ambassador, however, is to publicize, after resigning from the service, the chronicle of his day-to-day diplomatic activity both political and public. To Albania, with Love is a collection of these activities during Tarifa's career as the Albanian ambassador to the United States and the Netherlands. Many of the letters included in this volume reveal the methodology of ambassadors in Washington, D.C., and detail the high levels of access Tarifa had developed during his career. This work brings together a selection of Tarifa's letters to high-ranking U.S. and Dutch government officials, lectures, testimonies, public addresses, and remarks. They all illustrate the direction an ambassador's career and activities should take in promoting his country. To be a perceptive visionary who can herald progressive change in the interest of his own country and the broader international community is the goal of a truly accomplished ambassador.