Bücher veröffentlicht von Verlag D.Oesterreichische

Political, social and cultural conditions and changes also have an impact on the sciences and humanities. In the field of archaeology, little attention has been paid to these issues so far. Only recently has there been an increased focus on them, as well as on the study of the history of archaeology, with attention often focussing on the inter-war period and the Second World War. In contrast, the conference "Archäologie und Republik. Reflexionen zur Archäologie in Österreich in der Ersten und Zweiten Republik", organised to mark the centenary of the founding of the Republic of Austria, was primarily devoted to the work of Austrian archaeologists since 1918, without focusing on the period of National Socialism.The contributions range from excavations in Austria to the work of Austrian archaeologists in Egypt and the Near East. They also provide an insight into the development and transformation of institutions such as the Collection of Ancient Antiquities at the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna, the Federal Monuments Authority and the Prehistoric Commission of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Other themes include the communication and reception of the results of research during the inter-war period and the Second World War, and biographical research. The volume thus provides a comprehensive overview of the diversity of archaeological research in Austria, especially since the proclamation of the First Republic.

This book is an informative compendium about everything connected with breeding Haflinger horses. Starting with a detailed introduction to the historic origins of this breed of horse, the 25 thoroughly researched chapters present the most up-to-date knowledge about the breeding history, modern breeding work and current scientific studies. In the historic section, which conveys interesting contemporary insights by means of a wide range of photographs and illustrations, the political and social frameworks for breeding Haflingers are portrayed, and historic stud farms which have largely been forgotten, presented. The middle section of this book then sets out basic knowledge about breeding. The historic and current breeding aims, breed standards and the administrative structure of international Haflinger breeding are presented with the same level of detail as the genealogical structure of the sire and dam lines. Deeper insights are provided by the scientific contributions on the genetics of colour, the structure of the population, Y-chromosonal haplotype analyses and genetic diversity. No publication on Haflingers would be complete if it did not also look at the variety of uses for which this breed can be employed. Three chapters demonstrate impressively that the Haflinger, with its particular performance characteristics, will continue to find a place in the international horse scene in the future. A chapter dedicated to pasturing of the horses explores the highly topical issue, especially in alpine regions, of the tense relationship between ecology and the economy, before an epilogue brings this collective volume to a close.

As neighbors since the ninth century, the German and Czech inhabitants of the Austrian and Bohemian Lands have experienced substantial political, economic, social, and cultural changes. In the Holy Roman Empire, Premyslides, Babenbergs, Habsburgs, and Luxembourgs founded abbeys and towns and promoted settlement based on German law. In 1526, Ferdinand I began common Habsburg rule. Under his successors, confessional conflict erupted in the Thirty Years' War. The Peace of Westphalia allowed absolute control of the realm but not the Holy Roman Empire until victory over the Ottomans. Reforms under Maria Theresa and Joseph II brought modernization. After the Congress of Vienna, ethnic nationalism increased, leading to Czech-German national conflict in the Bohemian Lands. Still, Austria-Hungary experienced economic, technological, educational, and cultural quantum leaps under Emperor Francis Joseph I until it disintegrated in WW I, a fate sealed by the unbalanced Treaties of Saint-Germain (1919) and Trianon (1920). Hitler's policy of aggression, the forced "Anschluss" of Austria, the Munich Agreement, and the creation of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia pitted Austrian, Czech, and Sudeten-German societies against each other and annihilated the Jews. In 1945/46, the BeneS Decrees forced the expropriation, expulsion, and resettlement of Sudeten Germans. In 1948, Austria and Czechoslovakia were separated by the Iron Curtain. Twenty years after the suppression of the Prague Spring by the Warsaw Pact in 1968, a socio-political watershed occurred in 1989/90, creating a new Central European community: Austria joined the European Union in 1995, Czechia in 2004.

This book is devoted to the diverse equestrian heritage of Vienna. Horses have been an indispensable means of transport in Vienna since the Middle Ages, both as a mount and as a status symbol, as a draft animal for wheeled vehicles and as a pack animal, and thanks to their use in tournaments and races, they have also delighted the Viennese at social events. The role of the horse reached its historic highpoint at the Vienna Congress in 1814/15, when thousands of horses were brought into the city for the various events in a very short space of time and had to be provided for a long period.In order to promote horse breeding in Austria, Empress Maria Theresa signed the so-called "Prague Patent". The portraits of monarchs on horseback that were commissioned and the building of the Spanish Riding School are unique witnesses to the highly developed presence of horses at the imperial court in Vienna. A fixed component of everyday life in Vienna, it is estimated that towards the end of the 19th century there were around 200,000 horses living in Vienna. These included the many horses owned by the tramway companies, the mounted Viennese police and the Viennese veterinarians with their famous horsemen. Harness racing at the Krieau racetrack and the horse-drawn carriages in the city centre continue to be an institution which is firmly anchored in the collective consciousness and a fixed feature of a visit to Vienna for tourists. This book aims to remind us of the important role and functions fulfilled by horses in Vienna and that without these animals, Vienna could never have become the city it is.

Austria has been a target country for labour migrants since the 1960s. This book provides insight into up-to-date academic discourse and empirical research on migration and work in Austria in international comparison. It provides evidence for the need of migrants in the Austrian labour market, informs about the source countries of migrants, their occupational spectrum in Austria, the role of the social partnership and the welfare regime for labour market outcomes. The book addresses health issues of work, discrimination in the labour market and the diversification of modes of migrant labour. Posting of workers and in-house care by self-employed migrant workers in Austria serve as examples. The outcomes of free mobility of labour in the EU on source and host countries are analysed with a focus on Central and Eastern European Countries. Not least the book illuminates legal ramifications of migrant work and the scope for political action relative to immigration and labour market integration. The book concludes with future prospects for labour migration in view of technological change and migration scenarios.

As neighbors since the ninth century, the German and Czech inhabitants of the Austrian and Bohemian Lands have experienced substantial political, economic, social, and cultural changes. In the Holy Roman Empire, Premyslides, Babenbergs, Habsburgs, and Luxembourgs founded abbeys and towns and promoted settlement based on German law. In 1526, Ferdinand I began common Habsburg rule. Under his successors, confessional conflict erupted in the Thirty Years' War. The Peace of Westphalia allowed absolute control of the realm but not the Holy Roman Empire until victory over the Ottomans. Reforms under Maria Theresa and Joseph II brought modernization. After the Congress of Vienna, ethnic nationalism increased, leading to Czech-German national conflict in the Bohemian Lands. Still, Austria-Hungary experienced economic, technological, educational, and cultural quantum leaps under Emperor Francis Joseph I until it disintegrated in WW I, a fate sealed by the unbalanced Treaties of Saint-Germain (1919) and Trianon (1920). Hitler's policy of aggression, the forced "Anschluss" of Austria, the Munich Agreement, and the creation of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia pitted Austrian, Czech, and Sudeten-German societies against each other and annihilated the Jews. In 1945/46, the BeneS Decrees forced the expropriation, expulsion, and resettlement of Sudeten Germans. In 1948, Austria and Czechoslovakia were separated by the Iron Curtain. Twenty years after the suppression of the Prague Spring by the Warsaw Pact in 1968, a socio-political watershed occurred in 1989/90, creating a new Central European community: Austria joined the European Union in 1995, Czechia in 2004.

The journal "Mitteilungen zur Christlichen Archäologie" was founded in 1995 and is published regularly once a year. In addition to the - on average - five scientific articles on topics relating to Christian archaeology, in the broadest possible sense and in the context of classical archaeology, ancient history, art history, Byzantine studies, classical philology and religious studies, it also provides bibliographies of works on Late Antiquity and Christian archaeology in Austria (with an appendix on late antique / early Christian Ephesos). Since Volume 9 (2003), an electronic version of the journal has also been published. Its primary objective is an international orientation, i.e. disseminating new results from research in the discipline of Christian archaeology around the globe. Another aspect is supporting the next generation of researchers. The articles, written in German, English, French and Italian, are written by authors from around the world. Because of the topic of research, the regional focus is on the European and Mediterranean regions, but it is not limited to these areas.This time we start with two catacombs, the Generosa Catacomb in Rome and the complex of Wignacourt 17 (St Paul's Grotto Complex) in Rabat (Malta). The third contribution deals with archaeological evidence for the cult of relics in the Holy Land, the fourth with probably the oldest archaeologically verifiable diakonia in Ephesus. Then follow the two Pannonian saints (Quirinus and Martin) and their reception in Savaria/Szombathely and, as always, the bibliography on Late Antiquity and Christian Archaeology in Austria (with an appendix on Late Antique-Early Christian Ephesus).

The monk Theophanes (+ 818) reports on the period from 284/5 to 812/3 AD in simple language and a clear, chronological text. According to Theophanes, the 7th century was the decisive epoch in the history of the Byzantine Empire, encompassing the last Persian Wars and the empire's first confrontations with the Arabs, who had been newly converted to Islam by the Prophet Muhammad. Other central themes are the settlement of Slavic tribes in south-eastern Europe in the wake of the Avar campaigns of conquest, and Byzantine domestic politics. The introduction addresses the biographical background and ideological basis of the author, the influence of Greek and Oriental sources on the Chronicle of Theophanes, and its influence on the historiography of the Western Middle Ages, thanks to the early Latin translation by Anastasius Bibliothecarius (+ 879), a Vatican librarian. The introduction also discusses how Theophanes portrays the political leaders prominent in the chronicle, as well as peculiarities in his style, vocabulary, and language. Also examined are the frequent use of direct speech in the account often inserted into the account and the slogans, mostly in verse, that the Green and Blue political parties shouted during demonstrations in Constantinople, loudly supported by the people.

Die Donau bildete für mehr als 400 Jahre eine Außengrenze des Imperium Romanum. In dieser Zeit entstanden am österreichischen Limesabschnitt zahlreiche militärische Anlagen, wie Kastelle oder Wachtürme, ebenso wie zivile Siedlungen und Verwaltungszentren. Diese stellten vielfach die Keimzellen moderner Städte und Orte an der Donau dar, deren Stadtbild mitunter noch heute von römischen Gebäuderesten und Straßenverläufen bestimmt wird. In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat die Beschäftigung mit diesen Zeugnissen der römischen Vergangenheit einen starken Aufschwung erfahren, der nicht nur die wissenschaftliche Erforschung ausgewählter Fundplätze, sondern auch die Präsentation der neuesten Ergebnisse für die interessierte Öffentlichkeit betrifft. Dieser archäologische Führer zum römischen Limes in Österreich bietet einen aktuellen Überblick über die zahlreichen neuen Funde sowie Befunde und präsentiert in kurzer und prägnanter Form einen weitgehend vollständigen Katalog aller Orte, an denen materielle Zeugnisse oder zumindest Hinweise auf die Römerzeit gefunden worden sind. Vorangestellt sind einführende Beiträge namhafter Archäologen und Althistoriker, in welchen Fragen der militärischen Sicherung der Grenze, der Siedlungsentwicklung, der Religionsgeschichte und Alltagskultur sowie der Interaktion mit den benachbarten Germanen behandelt werden. Zahlreiche Abbildungen, Karten und Literaturangaben zu den einzelnen Fundstellen sowie praktische Hinweise zu den Besichtigungsmöglichkeiten runden den Band ab.

Kaiserin Elisabeth von Österreich (1837-1898), die Gemahlin von Kaiser Franz Josef und Mutter des unglücklichen Kronprinzen Rudolf, betätigte sich ohne Wissen ihrer Zeitgenossen als Dichterin, und zwar in der Nachfolge des von ihr glühend verehrten (und am Wiener Hof verfemten) Heinrich Heine. Die vereinsamte Fünfzigerin benützte diese tagebuchartigen Dichtungen als Ventil für mannigfache Frustrationen, kritisierte gleichzeitig den Wiener Hof und die aristokratische Gesellschaft, ja die Monarchie überhaupt als nicht mehr zeitgemäß. Manche schonungslosen, ja oft geradezu provozierenden Aussagen der Kaiserin über Interna des Hauses Habsburg und die österreichische Politik der späten achtziger Jahre machen den Wert dieser Quelle aus und rechtfertigen die Edition. Denn eine historische Quelle ähnlichen Ranges gibt es aus dieser Zeit nicht. Daß die Verse keinen hohen literarischen Wert haben, tut dabei ihrem Wert als Quelle keinen Abbruch. Die Wiener Historikerin und Elisabeth-Biographin Brigitte Hamann erhielt als erste Erlaubnis zur Einsichtnahme in diese Quelle, die als Gesamtedition der Öffentlichkeit vorgelegt wird. Die Kaiserin selbst verfügte die Verwahrung dieses ihres literarischen Nachlasses beim Schweizer Bundespräsidenten (und eben nicht in Wiener Archiven, wo ihr die Gefahr der Vernichtung zu groß erschien - und das wohl mit Recht). Sie wünschte auch die Veröffentlichung dieser Verse im 20. Jahrhundert, um damit die Zukunftsseelen über vieles zu informieren, was sich hinter den Kulissen abspielte. Der Reinerlös aus dem Verkauf des poetischen Tagebuchs kommt im Sinne einer Verfügung von Kaiserin Elisabeth dem UNO-Hochkommissariat für Flüchtlingshilfe (UNHCR) zugute.

Die Kelten, the Celts, les Celtes, i Celti ... keine Kultur der europäischen Vorzeit hat im letzten Vierteljahrhundert soviel Interesse gefunden und Faszination ausgeübt wie ihre. Was aber phantastisch erscheint, ist oft nur Archaisches, das bei den Kelten am Rande Europas überlebte, während es in den großen Kulturzentren des Mittelmeerraums und des übrigen Europa durch Aufklärung, Rationalität und Technik ausgelöscht wurde. Mit diesem Werk legt Helmut Birkhan, Professor an der Universität Wien, ein neues großes Standardwerk über die altkeltische Kultur vor, das Keltenforscher ebenso interessieren wird wie Keltenfreunde. Es weicht so umstrittenen Fragen wie jenen nach der Herkunft der Kelten und dem keltischen Matriarchat nicht aus und behandelt alle Bereiche der keltischen Kultur in einer umfassenden Gesamtdarstellung. Aus dem Inhalt: Der Kelte" in antiker Sicht ~ Keltoi, Celtae, Galli, Galatai. Zur Bestimmung des Keltenbegriffs ~ DIE KELTISCHEN SPRACHEN ~ EREIGNISGESCHICHTE ~ Die Keltenexpansion nach Süden und Südosten ~ Die Kelten auf der iberischen Halbinsel ~ Die Eroberung Galliens jenseits der Alpen ~ Die Geschicke der Provinzen nach Caesar und das Weiterleben des Festlandkeltischen - Britannia - Die innere Entwicklung der Provinzen auf dem Kontinent - Die sprachliche Schichtung in den Provinzen und das Weiterleben des Festlandkeltischen ~ DER ARCHÄOLOGISCHE BEFUND ~ Auf dem Festland ~ Exkurs zum Gundestrupkessel ~ Die Inselkelten ~ KELTISCHE RELIGION UND GESELLSCHAFT ~ Religion und Mythologie ~ Die altkeltischen Götter und Göttinnen nach ihren Funktionen ~ Vorbemerkung - Die Mutter und Landesgöttin - Der Vatergott als Toten- und Todesgott - Die Fruchtbarkeitsgottheiten - Die Himmels- und Gestirnsgottheiten - Die "intellektuellen" und Handwerksgottheiten - Die Heilgottheiten - Die Kriegsgottheiten - Die Rechtsgottheit - Der Jugendgott - Altkeltische "Liebesgottheiten"? - Der Meeresgott - Lokalgottheiten - Gottheiten als Tiere und der Tiere - Dämonen und Ungeheuer - "Nieder Mythologie" - Altkeltische religiöse Institutionen und Glaubensinhalte - Der heilige Ort - Die heilige Zeit - Kultische und magische Verrichtungen - das Opfer - Maske, Nacktheit und "Umgang" - Kesselkult und "Dingbeseelung" - Kopfjagd und Schädelkult - Weitere "Bräuche" und archaische Vorstellungen - Tabus - Fasten - Initiationen - Die Andere Welt und der Tod - Das Totenbrauchtum - Vorstellungen von der Prokreation - Abstammungsglaube - Spuren von Totemismus? - Das Sakralkönigtum - Druiden, Magier und Seher - Dichter und schamanoide Tradition - Dichtung und Wortmagie ~ Altkeltische Helden ~ Zur altkeltischen Gesellschaftsordnung ~ Exkurs zum keltischen "Matriarchat ~ Kriegerverbände, Gefolgschaften, Söldnertruppen ~ DER ALLTAG IN FRIEDEN UND KRIEG ~ BIBLIOGRAPHIE ~ Inselkeltische Texte (Editionen und Übersetzungen) ~ Irische Texte ~ Walisische Texte ~ Populäres, Belletristik, Esoterik, Kuriosa ~ SACH- UND WORT- INDEX ~ KARTEN