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Nach den hinführenden Lektionen gleicht Aristoteles im ersten Metaphysikbuch seine bereits in der Physik gewonnene Vier-Ursachen-Lehre mit den Ergebnissen seiner, ihm bekannten, philosophischen Vorgeschichte ab. Dieser Band präsentiert in deutscher Übersetzung den einschlägigen Kommentar des hl. Thomas von Aquin dazu. Der Leser wird in diesem knappen, aber akribischen Referat der griechischen Philosophie, das den weiten Bogen von den Vorsokratikern bis zu Plato abschreitet, mit einer extrem variantenreichen Gedankenwelt vertraut gemacht, wie er eingeladen ist, sich mit der nachfolgenden subtilen Kritik des Aristoteles an seinen Vorgängern auseinanderzusetzen, freilich in Gestalt der Rekonstruktion des Aquinaten. Erwähnenswert sind die Zahlenspekulationen der Pythagoräer und Platoniker.

Everyone is aware of the distinction between right and wrong, between what is morally good and morally bad. The distinction is made by people every day, in the home and in the school, in business and labor, in courts and police actions, in politics and in government. And yet, the attitude of many persons toward human conduct is largely amoral. People know intuitively ¿that¿ some actions are morally good and others morally bad, but they are not sure ¿why¿ they are so. It is therefore necessary to reaffirm the principles which underlie morality. Ethics, or moral philosophy, seeks to lay bare the natural foundations of correct living, to uncover the principles which govern morality and make individual actions to be right or wrong, and thus develop the science of right conduct.

In accordance with the purpose as an introduction for students, the scope of the book is frankly positive and constructive. It attempts to build up an understanding of the matter of ontology in a logical manner, using simple language, illustrating the subjects with copious examples, and extracting the contents of each chapter into compact summaries. Some of the more abstruse problems of ontology, such as the problem of essence and existence, have been omitted; it was felt that the average student would derive little benefit from a lengthy discussion of problems which have taxed the ingenuity and acumen of the most profound intellects. Such problems may be attacked after the student has become acquainted with the ideas and subjects which form the foundation of the science of metaphysics. After all, the student cannot be expected to be a professional philosopher; it should be sufficient if he acquires a thorough grounding in fundamentals, so that he can deepen his knowledge through subsequent reading and study. In a general way we may define metaphysics as the science of the ultimate principles and properties of real beings.

This book offers a fresh approach to the problem of the philosophy of nature. Written by a specialist whose competence is unquestionable, the book aims at simplicity without sacrificing profundity. The important problems raised by modern science with respect to the philosophy of nature are treated in such a way as to be understandable even to those whose knowledge of physical science is rather limited. Careful considerations is given to historical factors which have in the past so often led to confusion of philosophy and science and which even in the present time remain a source of conflict between scientist and philosophers.

Boethius ist von weitragender Bedeutung für die ganze Philosophie des Mittelalters. In dieser Studie untersucht der Autor den Begriff des esse im Werk des Boethius, der im weiteren Verlauf der scholastischen Philosophie große Bedeutung erlangte. Besondere Beachtung findet dabei die bei Thomas von Aquin zentrale Unterscheidung von Wesenheit und Existenz, bzw. von Sosein und Dasein. Es wird versucht die Frage zu beantworten, ob diese Unterscheidung schon bei Boethius zu finden ist. Zudem wird die Theorie der Universalien und in diesem Zusammenhang die Lehre der Teilhabe (esse per participationem) thematisiert.

2021 was the fifth anniversary of Amoris Lætitia, and according to pope Francis, it should have been a year of reflection on the exhortation, an opportunity to focus more closely on the content of the document. In response to this appeal, Dispelling the Fog presents five essays analysing the issue of the so-called ¿divorced-remarried¿ and their access to the Eucharist in connection with the exhortation. Vojt¿ch ¿imek focuses on the crucial Chapter 8 of Amoris Lætitia and its possible interpretations. Peter Dvöák examines and refutes the claim that the teaching of the exhortation is Thomistic. Luká¿ Novák argues that even after Amoris Lætitia, there is no sustainable argument to vindicate the legitimacy of administering the Eucharist to the ¿remarried¿ who refuse to commit themselves to abstinence. Stanislav P¿ibyl interprets the ever increasing demand for unrestricted access to the Eucharist as a manifestation of a general tendency in the post-conciliar Church to abandon the Sacrament of Penance. Finally, Marie Tejklová criticizes the so-called Filial Correction for not adequately addressing the symptoms of modernism in Amoris Lætitia: given that modernism is based on skepticism, it cannot be countered by a mere appeal to the teaching of the Church but calls for a philosophical refutation. The book further includes a foreword by bishop Athanasius Schneider, an afterword by Professor Stanislav Sousedík and rich indices.