Bücher von Nouhaila Benachir

Tunisia, a lower-middle income country located in North Africa on the southern Mediterranean, is vulnerable to climate variability and change in numerous ways. Stressors such as rising temperatures and varied precipitation levels coupled with potential increased frequency of extreme events, such as floods and droughts, could threaten agriculture, economic development, and availability of water resources throughout the country. Tunisiäs susceptibility to climate variability and change is also tied to its reliance on agriculture and tourism. Sea level rise threatens the water-scarce, low-lying islands off Tunisiäs coast, where climate change will likely exacerbate existing water security challenges and may also result in coastal erosion and increased evapotranspiration due to rising temperatures. The energy sector was the primary emitter. Within the sector, electricity, heat production, and transportation comprised the majority of energy emissions.

A high-performance building envelope is an essential barrier between the interior and exterior environments, effectively regulating temperature, moisture, and air quality. The significance of designing high-performance building envelopes lies in several critical factors, which we will discuss in more detail below. Designing a high-performance building envelope with rising energy costs can yield significant financial savings. Building owners and occupants can enjoy lower utility bills and reduced operating costs by minimizing energy consumption.This benefits the individual building owner and helps promote energy affordability at a community and national level.Increased Building Lifespan. High-performance building envelopes can extend the structure¿s life by protecting it from external factors such as weather, moisture, and UV radiation. Durable and well-designed envelopes require fewer repairs and replacements over time, which can save on maintenance costs and minimize disruptions to occupants. This longevity also contributes to the overall sustainability of the building, as fewer resources are needed for repairs and eventual replacement.

TRNSYS is an extremely flexible, graphically based software environment used to simulate the behaviour of energy transient systems and energy building simulation (including LEED energy modelling). The vast majority of simulations are focused on assessing the performance of thermal and electrical energy systems. Simulate also the geothermal heat pump systems, coupled airflow modelling, energy system research, technology assessment, power plants, hydrogen fuel cell, wind and PV systems, system calibration. This book represent the TESS libraries including in TRNSYS and has more than 250 components. Each of the component libraries comes with a TRNSYS Model File (*.tmf) to use in the Simulation Studio interface, source code and an example TRNSYS Project (*.tpf) that demonstrates typical uses of the component models found in that library. TESS Libraries represent the best of in-house types at TESS (Thermal Energy System Specialists).

Conceção de edifícios que se adaptem ao clima local para minimizar os gastos de energia e os recursos utilizados, evitando fugas e desperdícios. Controlo e utilização inteligente do espaço. Os edifícios e as suas divisões devem ser adequadamente dimensionados para otimizar a utilização de energia. Os materiais sustentáveis, como a madeira, a pedra, as fibras naturais e os materiais reciclados, minimizam o impacte do edifício. Sendo o sector energético o mais importante emissor destes gases a nível mundial, vários países reforçaram a prioridade dada à eficiência energética e à utilização de energias renováveis através da implementação de políticas adaptadas às suas especificidades económicas, sociais e climáticas. A conceção arquitetónica é uma etapa fundamental na criação e produção da envolvente do edifício; é também uma etapa muito complexa devido aos seus aspectos hiper-interessados. A montante, esta fase tem uma influência considerável em vários parâmetros: eléctricos, térmicos, energéticos e, mais globalmente, ambientais. É possível criar edifícios amigos do ambiente a partir da prancheta de desenho? A resposta é "sim", utilizando a chamada arquitetura bioclimática com materiais orgânicos e locais.

O sector da construção, tanto residencial como terciário, está a sofrer uma grande expansão em Marrocos. Atualmente, a atividade de construção está em franca expansão. Prevê-se, portanto, um aumento significativo do parque habitacional, com base nos programas de construção a curto e médio prazo do Estado e nas projecções da Direção de Estatística do Haut-Commissariat au Plan. O novo parque habitacional, que será construído nos próximos vinte anos, está estimado em cerca de três milhões de unidades. Além disso, os utilizadores dos edifícios existentes sofrem de graves problemas devido à forma e à materialidade do material de construção. Isto deve-se ao facto de a radiação solar de onda curta recebida ser armazenada principalmente em materiais de construção como o betão, a pedra e o asfalto, sendo depois irradiada como calor de onda longa para a atmosfera urbana. Isto conduz às conhecidas "ilhas de calor urbanas" e ao "stress térmico". O calor urbano causa muitos problemas: deterioração ou falha das infra-estruturas (derretimento de estradas, avarias), desconforto térmico e baixa produtividade, higiene (redução do desempenho físico e cognitivo) e problemas de saúde e segurança (problemas respiratórios, cardíacos e renais), bem como mortes adicionais.

Le secteur de la construction, tant résidentielle que tertiaire, est en pleine expansion au Maroc. Actuellement, l'activité de construction connaît un essor extraordinaire. On s'attend donc à une augmentation importante du parc immobilier, sur la base des programmes de construction de l'Etat à court et moyen terme et des projections de la Direction des Statistiques du Haut-Commissariat au Plan. Le nouveau parc de logements, qui sera construit au cours des vingt prochaines années, est estimé à environ trois millions d'unités. En outre, les utilisateurs des bâtiments existants souffrent de graves problèmes liés à la forme et à la matérialité des matériaux de construction. En effet, le rayonnement solaire à ondes courtes est principalement stocké dans les matériaux de construction tels que le béton, la pierre et l'asphalte et est ensuite diffusé dans l'atmosphère urbaine sous forme de chaleur à ondes longues. Ce phénomène est à l'origine des fameux "îlots de chaleur urbains" et des "stress thermiques". La chaleur urbaine est à l'origine de nombreux problèmes : détérioration ou défaillance des infrastructures (fonte des routes, pannes), inconfort thermique et faible productivité, hygiène (diminution des performances physiques et cognitives) et problèmes de santé et de sécurité (problèmes respiratoires, cardiaques et rénaux), ainsi que des décès supplémentaires.

El sector de la construcción, tanto residencial como terciario, está experimentando una gran expansión en Marruecos. En la actualidad se registra un auge extraordinario de la actividad constructora. Por lo tanto, se espera un aumento significativo del parque de viviendas, basado en los programas de construcción a corto y medio plazo del Estado y en las proyecciones de la Dirección de Estadística del Haut-Commissariat au Plan. El parque de viviendas nuevas, que se construirán en los próximos veinte años, se estima en unos tres millones de unidades. Además, los usuarios de los edificios existentes sufren graves problemas debido a la forma y materialidad del material de construcción. Esto se debe a que la radiación solar de onda corta entrante se almacena principalmente en materiales de construcción como el hormigón, la piedra y el asfalto, y luego se irradia como calor de onda larga a la atmósfera urbana. Esto provoca las conocidas "islas de calor urbano" y "estrés térmico". El calor urbano causa muchos problemas: deterioro o fallo de las infraestructuras (derretimiento de carreteras, averías), incomodidad térmica y baja productividad, problemas de higiene (menor rendimiento físico y cognitivo) y de salud y seguridad (problemas respiratorios, cardíacos y renales), y muertes adicionales.

Proektirowanie zdanij, adaptirowannyh k mestnomu klimatu, s cel'ü minimizacii änergozatrat i ispol'zuemyh resursow, isklücheniq utechek i othodow. Kontrol' i razumnoe ispol'zowanie prostranstwa. Zdaniq i ih pomescheniq dolzhny imet' sootwetstwuüschie razmery dlq optimizacii änergopotrebleniq. Jekologichnye materialy, takie kak derewo, kamen', natural'nye wolokna i pererabotannye materialy, minimiziruüt wozdejstwie zdaniq. Jenergeticheskij sektor, qwlqüschijsq naibolee znachitel'nym istochnikom wybrosow ätih gazow w mire, w rqde stran usilil prioritet änergoäffektiwnosti i ispol'zowaniq wozobnowlqemyh istochnikow änergii putem prowedeniq politiki, adaptirowannoj k ih äkonomicheskim, social'nym i klimaticheskim osobennostqm. Arhitekturnoe proektirowanie qwlqetsq osnowopolagaüschim ätapom sozdaniq i proizwodstwa ograzhdaüschih konstrukcij zdaniq; äto takzhe ochen' slozhnyj ätap w silu swoej mnogoplanowosti. Jetot ätap okazywaet znachitel'noe wliqnie na rqd parametrow: älektricheskih, teplowyh, änergeticheskih i, w bolee global'nom smysle, äkologicheskih. Mozhno li sozdawat' äkologicheski chistye zdaniq s chertezhnoj doski? Otwet "da", ispol'zuq tak nazywaemuü bioklimaticheskuü arhitekturu s primeneniem organicheskih i mestnyh materialow.

Stroitel'nyj sektor, kak zhilischnyj, tak i tretichnyj, w Marokko perezhiwaet ser'eznyj pod#em. V nastoqschee wremq nablüdaetsq neobychajnyj bum stroitel'noj aktiwnosti. Poätomu ozhidaetsq znachitel'nyj rost zhilischnogo fonda, osnowannyj na kratkosrochnyh i srednesrochnyh stroitel'nyh programmah gosudarstwa i prognozah Statisticheskogo uprawleniq Verhnego komissariata po planam. Nowyj zhilischnyj fond, kotoryj budet postroen w techenie blizhajshih dwadcati let, oceniwaetsq primerno w tri milliona edinic. Krome togo, pol'zowateli suschestwuüschih zdanij ispytywaüt ser'eznye problemy, swqzannye s formoj i materialom zdaniq. Jeto swqzano s tem, chto postupaüschaq korotkowolnowaq solnechnaq radiaciq w osnownom akkumuliruetsq w takih stroitel'nyh materialah, kak beton, kamen' i asfal't, a zatem w wide dlinnowolnowogo tepla izluchaetsq w gorodskuü atmosferu. Jeto priwodit k poqwleniü horosho izwestnyh "gorodskih ostrowow tepla" i "teplowyh stressow". Gorodskaq zhara wyzywaet mnozhestwo problem: uhudshenie ili otkaz infrastruktury (plawlenie dorog, polomki), teplowoj diskomfort i nizkaq proizwoditel'nost' truda, gigienicheskie (snizhenie fizicheskoj i kognitiwnoj rabotosposobnosti) i sanitarno-gigienicheskie problemy (problemy s dyhaniem, serdcem i pochkami), a takzhe dopolnitel'nuü smertnost'.

Il settore dell'edilizia, sia residenziale che terziaria, è in grande espansione in Marocco. Attualmente si assiste a uno straordinario boom dell'attività edilizia. Si prevede quindi un aumento significativo del patrimonio abitativo, sulla base dei programmi di costruzione a breve e medio termine dello Stato e delle proiezioni della Direzione Statistica dell'Haut-Commissariat au Plan. Il nuovo stock abitativo, che sarà costruito nei prossimi vent'anni, è stimato in circa tre milioni di unità. Inoltre, gli utenti degli edifici esistenti soffrono di gravi problemi dovuti alla forma e alla materialità dei materiali di costruzione. Infatti, la radiazione solare a onde corte in entrata viene immagazzinata principalmente nei materiali da costruzione come il cemento, la pietra e l'asfalto, per poi essere irradiata come calore a onde lunghe nell'atmosfera urbana. Questo porta alle ben note "isole di calore urbane" e agli "stress da calore". Il calore urbano causa molti problemi: deterioramento o guasto delle infrastrutture (fusione delle strade, guasti), disagio termico e bassa produttività, problemi igienici (riduzione delle prestazioni fisiche e cognitive) e di salute e sicurezza (problemi respiratori, cardiaci e renali) e ulteriori decessi.

Der Bausektor, sowohl der Wohn- als auch der Dienstleistungssektor, erfährt in Marokko eine starke Expansion. Gegenwärtig ist ein außerordentlicher Boom der Bautätigkeit zu verzeichnen. Auf der Grundlage der kurz- und mittelfristigen Bauprogramme des Staates und der Prognosen der Direktion für Statistik des Haut-Commissariat au Plan wird daher mit einer erheblichen Zunahme des Wohnungsbestands gerechnet. Der neue Wohnungsbestand, der in den nächsten zwanzig Jahren gebaut werden soll, wird auf etwa drei Millionen Einheiten geschätzt. Darüber hinaus haben die Nutzer bestehender Gebäude mit erheblichen Problemen zu kämpfen, die auf die Form und die Materialität des Baumaterials zurückzuführen sind. Denn die einfallende kurzwellige Sonnenstrahlung wird hauptsächlich in Baumaterialien wie Beton, Stein und Asphalt gespeichert und dann als langwellige Wärme in die Stadtatmosphäre abgestrahlt. Dies führt zu den bekannten "städtischen Wärmeinseln" und "Hitzestress". Städtische Hitze verursacht viele Probleme: Verschlechterung oder Ausfall der Infrastruktur (Schmelzen von Straßen, Pannen), thermisches Unbehagen und geringe Produktivität, Hygiene (verminderte körperliche und kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit) sowie Gesundheits- und Sicherheitsprobleme (Atemwegs-, Herz- und Nierenprobleme) und zusätzliche Todesfälle.

The construction sector, both residential and tertiary, is undergoing a major expansion in Morocco. At present, there is an extraordinary boom in construction activity. A significant increase in the housing stock is therefore expected, based on the State's short- and medium-term construction programs and the projections of the Statistics Directorate of the Haut-Commissariat au Plan. The new housing stock, which will be built over the next twenty years, is estimated at about three million units. In addition, users of existing buildings suffer from serious problems due to the form and materiality of the building material. This is because incoming shortwave solar radiation is mainly stored in building materials such as concrete, stone, and asphalt and is then radiated as longwave heat into the urban atmosphere. This leads to the well-known "urban heat islands" and "heat stresses". Urban heat causes many problems: infrastructure deterioration or failure (road melting, breakdowns), thermal discomfort and low productivity, hygiene (reduced physical and cognitive performance) and health and safety problems (respiratory, heart and kidney problems), and additional deaths.

Concevoir des bâtiments qui s'adaptent au climat local pour minimiser les dépenses énergétiques et les ressources utilisées, en évitant les fuites et les déchets. Contrôle et utilisation intelligente de l'espace. Les bâtiments et leurs pièces doivent être correctement dimensionnés pour optimiser l'utilisation de l'énergie. Les matériaux durables tels que le bois, la pierre, les fibres naturelles et les matériaux recyclés minimisent l'impact du bâtiment. Le secteur de l'énergie étant le principal émetteur de ces gaz dans le monde, plusieurs pays ont renforcé la priorité accordée à l'efficacité énergétique et à l'utilisation des énergies renouvelables par la mise en ¿uvre de politiques adaptées à leurs spécificités économiques, sociales et climatiques. La conception architecturale est une étape fondamentale dans la création et la production de l'enveloppe du bâtiment ; c'est aussi une étape très complexe en raison de ses aspects hyper-interrogatifs. En amont, cette phase a une influence considérable sur plusieurs paramètres : électriques, thermiques, énergétiques et plus globalement environnementaux. Est-il possible de créer des bâtiments respectueux de l'environnement dès la planche à dessin ? La réponse est "oui", en utilisant ce que l'on appelle l'architecture bioclimatique avec des matériaux organiques et locaux.

Diseño de edificios que se adapten al clima local para minimizar el gasto energético y los recursos utilizados, evitando fugas y residuos. Control y uso inteligente del espacio. Los edificios y sus estancias deben tener el tamaño adecuado para optimizar el uso de la energía. Los materiales sostenibles como la madera, la piedra, las fibras naturales y los materiales reciclados minimizan el impacto del edificio. Dado que el sector energético es el principal emisor de estos gases en todo el mundo, varios países han reforzado la prioridad concedida a la eficiencia energética y al uso de energías renovables mediante la aplicación de políticas adaptadas a sus especificidades económicas, sociales y climáticas. El diseño arquitectónico es una etapa fundamental en la creación y producción de la envolvente del edificio; es también una etapa muy compleja debido a sus aspectos hiperinteresantes. En efecto, esta fase influye considerablemente en varios parámetros: eléctricos, térmicos, energéticos y, más globalmente, medioambientales. ¿Es posible crear edificios respetuosos con el medio ambiente desde el principio? La respuesta es "sí", utilizando lo que se denomina arquitectura bioclimática con materiales orgánicos y locales.

Planung von Gebäuden, die sich an das lokale Klima anpassen, um die Energiekosten und den Ressourcenverbrauch zu minimieren und Leckagen und Verschwendung zu vermeiden. Kontrolle und intelligente Nutzung des Raums. Gebäude und ihre Räume sollten angemessen dimensioniert sein, um die Energienutzung zu optimieren. Nachhaltige Materialien wie Holz, Stein, Naturfasern und recycelte Materialien minimieren die Auswirkungen des Gebäudes. Da der Energiesektor weltweit der größte Emittent dieser Gase ist, haben mehrere Länder der Energieeffizienz und der Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien durch die Umsetzung von Maßnahmen, die an ihre wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und klimatischen Besonderheiten angepasst sind, größere Priorität eingeräumt. Die architektonische Planung ist ein grundlegender Schritt bei der Gestaltung und Herstellung der Gebäudehülle, der aufgrund der vielfältigen Aspekte auch sehr komplex ist. Diese vorgelagerte Phase hat einen erheblichen Einfluss auf verschiedene Parameter: elektrische, thermische, energetische und allgemeinere Umweltparameter. Ist es möglich, umweltfreundliche Gebäude vom Reißbrett aus zu entwerfen? Die Antwort lautet "ja", und zwar mit Hilfe der so genannten bioklimatischen Architektur mit organischen und lokalen Materialien.

Progettare edifici che si adattino al clima locale per ridurre al minimo le spese energetiche e le risorse utilizzate, evitando perdite e sprechi. Controllo e uso intelligente dello spazio. Gli edifici e i loro ambienti devono essere dimensionati in modo appropriato per ottimizzare l'uso dell'energia. Materiali sostenibili come legno, pietra, fibre naturali e materiali riciclati riducono al minimo l'impatto dell'edificio. Essendo il settore energetico il più importante emettitore di questi gas a livello mondiale, diversi Paesi hanno rafforzato la priorità data all'efficienza energetica e all'uso delle energie rinnovabili attraverso l'attuazione di politiche adeguate alle loro specificità economiche, sociali e climatiche. La progettazione architettonica è una fase fondamentale nella creazione e produzione dell'involucro edilizio; è anche una fase molto complessa per i suoi aspetti iperinteressati. A monte, questa fase ha una notevole influenza su diversi parametri: elettrici, termici, energetici e più globalmente ambientali. È possibile creare edifici ecologici fin dal disegno? La risposta è "sì", utilizzando la cosiddetta architettura bioclimatica con materiali organici e locali.

Designing buildings that adapt to the local climate to minimize energy expenses and resources used, avoiding leakage and waste. Control and intelligent use of space. Buildings and their rooms should be appropriately sized to optimize energy use. Sustainable materials such as wood, stone, natural fibers and recycled materials minimize the impact of the building. The energy sector being the most important emitter of these gases worldwide, several countries have reinforced the priority given to energy efficiency and the use of renewable energies through the implementation of policies adapted to their economic, social and climatic specificities. Architectural design is a fundamental step in the creation and production of the building envelope; it is also a very complex step due to its hyper-interested aspects. Upstream, this phase has a considerable influence on several parameters: electrical, thermal, energetic and more globally environmental. Is it possible to create environmentally friendly buildings from the drawing board? The answer is "yes", using what is called bioclimatic architecture with organic and local materials.

The energy consumption and environmental sustainability of buildings in Morocco are of significant concern. Current regulations, such as the Moroccan Thermal Construction Regulation (RTCM), do not fully account for the potential benefits of air infiltration and natural ventilation. This oversight may lead to suboptimal energy performance and hinder the goal of achieving sustainable building practices in Morocco. This comprehensive study titled Revamping Morocco's building energy efficiency: engineering & policy ' investigates the importance of air infiltration and natural ventilation in improving energy efficiency, economic performance, and environmental sustainability in buildings, applied to Ifrane, Morocco as a case study.The methodology simulates three scenarios, each with two cases considering no infiltration and infiltration with ACH=1: Simulation 1) Building in RTCM/Reference with no energy gain besides radiation; Simulation 2) Building in RTCM/Reference in a warehouse with energy gains from 10 people and light power of 5 W/m2; Simulation 3) Building with a massive 700 people, increased light power, and appliances per square meter. Natural ventilation is studied for cooling.

Das vorliegende Papier schlägt den Entwurf eines Stromversorgungsschaltkreises vor, der die elektrische Energie, die von den Blättern der (Aloe Vera)-Pflanzen geerntet wird, nutzen, speichern und verwalten kann, um einen Sender zu aktivieren, der einen entfernten Sensor versorgt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit haben wir einen Stromversorgungskreislauf vorgeschlagen, der die elektrische Energie von Aloe Vera-Pflanzen ernten kann und die Pflanzen in eine pflanzenbasierte Zelle (PBC) umwandelt, um einen entfernten Sensor über eine drahtlose Übertragung zu aktivieren.Der Stromversorgungskreislauf besteht aus zwei Teilen: einem Energiespeichersystem, das als Energiespeicher fungiert, um die von den Pflanzen gewonnene Energie zu speichern, und einem Spannungsregulierungssystem, das dazu dient, die Energie entsprechend dem Lastbetrieb zu erhöhen und zu verwalten.

Le présent document propose la conception d'un circuit de gestion de l'énergie qui peut exploiter, stocker et gérer l'énergie électrique récoltée sur les feuilles des plantes (Aloe Vera) pour déclencher une charge d'émetteur afin d'alimenter un capteur à distance. Dans le présent document, nous avons proposé un circuit de gestion de l'énergie qui peut récolter l'énergie électrique des plantes Aloe Vera et convertir les plantes en une cellule à base de plantes (PBC) pour activer un capteur à distance par le biais d'une transmission sans fil.Le circuit de gestion de l'énergie se compose de deux sections, à savoir un système de stockage de l'énergie qui agit comme un réservoir de stockage de l'énergie pour stocker l'énergie récoltée à partir des plantes, ainsi qu'un système de régulation de la tension qui est utilisé pour augmenter et gérer l'énergie en fonction d'une opération de charge.

El presente trabajo propone el diseño de un circuito de gestión de potencia que puede aprovechar, almacenar y gestionar la energía eléctrica que se cosecha de las hojas de las plantas (Aloe Vera) para activar un transmisor de carga para alimentar un sensor remoto. En el presente trabajo, hemos propuesto un circuito de gestión de potencia, que puede cosechar la energía eléctrica de las plantas de Aloe Vera y convierte las plantas en una célula basada en plantas (PBC) para activar un sensor remoto a través de una transmisión inalámbrica.El circuito de gestión de potencia consta de dos secciones: un sistema de almacenamiento de energía que actúa como depósito de almacenamiento de energía para almacenar la energía cosechada de las plantas, así como un sistema de regulación de voltaje que se utiliza para aumentar y gestionar la energía de acuerdo con una operación de carga.

Il presente lavoro propone la progettazione di un circuito di gestione dell'energia in grado di sfruttare, immagazzinare e gestire l'energia elettrica raccolta dalle foglie delle piante di Aloe Vera per attivare un trasmettitore di carico per alimentare un sensore remoto. Nel presente lavoro abbiamo proposto un circuito di gestione dell'energia in grado di raccogliere l'energia elettrica dalle piante di Aloe Vera e di convertirla in una cellula a base vegetale (PBC) per attivare un sensore remoto tramite una trasmissione wireless.Il circuito di gestione dell'energia è composto da due sezioni: un sistema di accumulo dell'energia che funge da serbatoio per immagazzinare l'energia raccolta dalle piante e un sistema di regolazione della tensione utilizzato per aumentare e gestire l'energia in base al funzionamento del carico.

O presente artigo propõe a conceção de um circuito de gestão de energia que pode aproveitar, armazenar e gerir a energia eléctrica que é recolhida das folhas das plantas (Aloé Vera) para acionar um transmissor de carga para alimentar um sensor remoto. No presente artigo, propusemos um circuito de gestão de potência que pode recolher a energia eléctrica das plantas de Aloé Vera e convertê-las numa célula baseada em plantas (PBC) para ativar um sensor remoto através de uma transmissão sem fios.O circuito de gestão de energia é composto por duas secções, nomeadamente: um sistema de armazenamento de energia que actua como um reservatório de armazenamento de energia para armazenar a energia colhida das plantas, bem como um sistema de regulação de tensão que é utilizado para aumentar e gerir a energia de acordo com uma operação de carga.

V dannoj stat'e predlagaetsq razrabotka shemy uprawleniq pitaniem, kotoraq mozhet sobirat', hranit' i uprawlqt' älektricheskoj änergiej, poluchaemoj ot list'ew rastenij aloä wera, dlq wklücheniq nagruzki peredatchika, pitaüschego udalennyj datchik. V dannoj rabote my predlozhili shemu uprawleniq pitaniem, kotoraq mozhet sobirat' älektricheskuü änergiü s rastenij Aloe Vera i preobrazowywat' ee w rastitel'nuü qchejku (PBC) dlq aktiwacii udalennogo datchika posredstwom besprowodnoj peredachi dannyh.Shema uprawleniq pitaniem sostoit iz dwuh sekcij: sistemy nakopleniq änergii, kotoraq sluzhit rezerwuarom dlq hraneniq änergii, poluchennoj ot rastenij, a takzhe sistemy regulirowaniq naprqzheniq, kotoraq ispol'zuetsq dlq powysheniq i uprawleniq änergiej w sootwetstwii s rabotoj nagruzki.

The building envelope (walls, floor, windows,roof) is a very important element of the design as it can have a effect on the energy performance of the building, that is comfortable all year round can be achieved with reasonable levels of insulation, reduced thermal bridging, summertime shading features, and ventilation. Depending on the properties of the thermal zone where we are, it is therefore possible to integrate PCM and optimize their parameters in order to favourably diphase the energy consumption peaks and energy consumption and, by the same token, significantly reducing the use of the HC system. Consequently, the integration of this PCM in the envelopes of new buildings or in renovation would contribute to reduce the energy bill in the building sector in Morocco. So the (PCM) represents a sustainable alternative to reduce energy consumption for this a thermal dynamic simulation was realized with TRNSYS 204. Since PCM involves large latent heat at small temperature phase changes, PCM is used for temperature stabilization and for storing heat with large energy densities and capacity the storage in combination with rather small temperature changes.

The present paper proposes a design of a power management circuit that can harness, store and manage the electrical energy which is harvested from the leaves of (Aloe Vera) plants to trigger a transmitter load to power a remote sensor. In the present paper, we have proposed a power management circuit, which can harvest the electrical energy from the Aloe Vera plants and converts the plants into a plant-based cell (PBC) to activate a remote sensor via a wireless transmission.The power management circuit consists of two sections namely; an energy storage system that acts as an energy storage reservoir to store the energy harvested from the plants as well as a voltage regulation system which is used to boost and manage the energy in accordance to a load operation.

When it comes to building simulation, many applications and programs come to us from all over the world. A multitude of software has been developed for similar purposes by different universities and laboratories. In this section we are concerned only with programs related to: calculation of thermal and electrical load zones, building envelope, solar gains, solar ventilation, HVAC systems and equipment, and economic performance evaluation. These programs also take into account for the most part climatic input data. The use of simulation is decisive in the design process of a new building. It allows the evaluation of different alternatives in terms of energy performance and occupant comfort and is thus an essential decision-making tool. The resulting increase in the precision requirements of the calculations makes it essential to appreciate the uncertainties associated with these forecasts in order to improve the construction and evaluation process. This article presents a comparison between the evaluations of uncertainties based on the results of simulations in the design phase.

The overall objective of the project is to improve the living conditions of the local population. The specific objective is to set up a pilot unit using local building materials, with low environmental impact, provided with organic phase change materials. The research work will lead to innovation, through the combination of local materials and biomaterials-based PCM, and will allow building materials companies to develop by improving their products a complete numerical model of the zone will be developed using the TRNSYS 204 simulation tool. Our research strategy aims to examine the PCM use as thermal energy storage materials for the building sector. and also verify the performance of PCM as a new way to stabilize the air temperature and control the comfort inside the building envelope. The study includes a modelling and numerical simulation to verify experimental components. The simulation was carried out for the climate zone of Morocco. The results of the simulation showed that the use of PCMin building envelope, decreases the relative humidity and ambient temperature, saving total energy demand and consumption for heating and cooling than building envelope without PCM.