Geschichte

This cohesive set of case studies collects scholarly research, policy evaluation, and field experience to explain how terrorist groups have developed into criminal enterprises.Terrorist groups have evolved from orthodox global insurgents funded by rogue sponsors into nimble and profitable transnational criminal enterprises whose motivations are not always evident. This volume seeks to explain how and why terrorist groups are often now criminal enterprises through 12 case studies of terrorist criminal enterprises written by authors who have derived their expertise on terrorism and/or organized crime from diverse sources. Terrorist groups have been chosen from different regions to provide the global coverage.Chapters describe and analyze the actors, actions, problems, and collaborations of specific terrorist criminal enterprises. Other elements discussed include links to such facilitating conditions as political culture, corruption, history, economy, and issues of governance. This work advances scholarship in the field of counterterrorism by expanding the understanding of these terrorist groups as entities not driven purely by ideology but rather by the criminal enterprises with which they often coincide.

Viktor Korchnoi was one of the leading grandmasters of the 20th century, coming within one game of winning the world championship in 1978. His battles with Karpov for the world crown were among the most important chess matches ever played. A man with a unique - and in many ways tragic - life and career, Korchnoi's defection to the West in 1976 was a major event in Cold War politics. Grandmaster Genna Sosonko was Korchnoi's coach and second during tournaments and candidates matches in 1970-71 and then a close friend of Korchnoi for decades. Indeed, Sosonko's emigration to the West in 1972, which is described in detail in this memoir, had a key impact on Korchnoi's decision to defect four years later. They would meet up at tournaments and at home and discuss chess, politics, and just about everything else. Their conversations constitute an important part of this book, in which Sosonko tackles difficult questions about Korchnoi's personality and places much of his often challenging behavior into its historical context. This book, like Sosonko's previous masterpiece The Rise and Fall of David Bronstein, contains no games but focuses on Korchnoi's life, from his early childhood to his final years. Further, it includes many previously unpublished photos from the private collections of Sosonko and the Korchnoi family.

In these [Apologies] Justin gives no formal or logical exposition, scarcely even an outline, of a complete Christian system. His purpose is merely to collect arguments to justify fair and equitable treatment of the Christians by the authorities, and to support his demand that they should not be condemned unheard. With this object he seeks to refute the popular calumnies against the Christians, he insists on the excellence and truth of the Christian teaching and on the effects which it produces, and he struggles to prove the claims of Christ, especially by the argument from the fulfilment of prophecy. Thus, although he is dogmatic to a degree exceptional among Apologists, owing to the fact that he concentrates his argument round the Person of Christ, yet it is futile to seek in the Apologies for a formulated system of Christian theology. --from the IntroductionA. W. F. Blunt was Fellow and lecturer in Classics at Exeter College, Oxford University. Among his other publications are ''Studies in Apostolic Christianity,'' ''Israel and World History,'' and ''The Ancient World and Its Legacy to Us.''

Have you always wanted to know how the cosmic clocks of the Universe affect you? This is a primer on how the Planet Venus is conspiring to shower you with blessings and how to interact consciously with those gifts so that you can become bountiful, blissful and beautiful - your birth right.

Books for self-instruction are constantly being sought. In this book mathematics, from algebra through calculus, has been treated in such a manner as to be clear to anyone. Men who wish to study a part of mathematics which they have not hitherto had, engineers who wish to refer to phases of mathematics which so easily slip from the memory, students who desire a simple reference book, will find this manual just the book for which they have been looking.

The Equinox: Keep Silence Edition, Vol. 1, No. 6Aleister Crowley's The Equinox: The Review of Scientific Illuminism. "The Encyclopedia of Occultism."This edition based on new scans from a copy of the 1909 first edition. All of the images used to create this book were created by taking scans of a first edition copy and then digitally enhancing the black ink and removing the paper texture from the background. The images printed in half-tone were run through a special descreening process to remove the moiré patterns.Digital edition available at https://keepsilence.org/the-equinox

HOW DID THE REPUBLICAN PARTY, THE PARTY OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN, MUTATE INTO A WHITE IDENTITY POLITICAL ENTITY THAT TODAY PROMOTES THE RACIST VIEWPOINTS OF THE OLD CONFEDERACY?

Paris, the capital of France, is one of the most popular destinations in the world. The City of Lights"" is renowned for many things. Its history, beauty, high quality of life, cosmopolitanism, art, fashion, cuisine, cultural diversity, romance, architecture, museums, theaters, and intellectual life. For these and countless other reasons, Paris immediately evokes strong sentiment, whether or not one is lucky enough to have been there. This book, Historic Photos of Paris, explores the rise of this seductive city, through a collection of extraordinary historic photographs from international archives. The book follows the people, places, and historic events that shaped the development of modern Paris in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Iconic landmarks, scenes of daily life, and unique and rare moments are presented in hundreds of historic photographs, revealing a rich portrait of the urban masterpiece that is Paris.""

A classic devotional in modern language, with extra content by Andrew Murray on the subject of Humility.Andrew Murray boldly challenges the thought that merely recognizing our sin keeps us humble. He takes humility to a deeper level by teaching it is only genuine when both one's attitude and actions are holy. To be kind, compassionate, and forgiving are graces rooted in humility. If one is incapable of showing them, then pride as taken root in their heart. Therefore, we must bow before God in nothingness before we will be exalted in His presence, empowering us to live as He commands us to.

The Book of St Cyprian is a massive occult work complete with images from original texts, copious amounts of notes and reference citations and, best of all, information that has only been available in the original Portuguese texts. The author was granted unprecedented access to private collections and studied the original texts in great detail He has taken everything he could from them and compiled what we believe to be the single greatest reference on the subject of the magick of ST. Cyprian.In the author's own words:"This edition brings together the three texts from the fourth century that gave rise to the magical tradition associated with the name of St. Cyprian (Conversion, Confession and Martyrdom), the four most important Iberian grimoires of the nineteenth century (the Portuguese that gave birth to the Brazilian versions and the Spaniards containing the instructions of ceremonial magic) and several other magical texts associated with the Holy Sorcerer. The material was organized in sections that allow a comprehensive analysis of the contents (The Origin of the Book, Vita Cypriani, Magical Art, Talismans and Amulets, The Book of the Spirits, Cyprian Prayers, Exorcisms, Magical Treasures, Magical Secrets). The historical introduction has a broad and detailed description of the origins and development of the tradition from the fourth to the nineteenth century. The edition is enriched with a Preface by Nicholaj De Mattos Frisvold and the Presentation by Felix Castro Vicente."

"Divinely Praising Upon the Pearl of Creation" is a distinguished collection of supplications and praisings upon the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). By sending salutations the reciter builds a tremendous light and energy within their heart and soul while increasing love and gratitude for all Prophets and the Divine. Salawats carry an immense power and provide healing and relief from ailments and difficulties.This book features well-known Arabic Salawats and Urdu Nasheeds. Praisings are presented in an easy-to-read format with original language script, full English transliteration and in-depth translation. This compilation of invocations comes from authentic Arabic and Urdu sources which have been recited for centuries.

Chicago’s World’s Columbian Exposition, popularly called the Chicago World’s Fair, or the White City, was the largest and most spectacular world’s fair ever built. The Columbian Exposition opened on May 1, 1893, and more than 21,000,000 people visited the fair during the six months it was open to the public. The White City was a seminal event in America’s history that changed the way the world viewed Chicago. Fortunately, the fair was documented in stunning photographs by commercial and amateur photographers. This volume tells the story of the fair from its construction in Jackson Park to its destruction by fire after the fair had closed. Photographs of the exhibition halls, state buildings, foreign buildings, indoor and outdoor exhibits, the attractions of the Midway, and the various ways to move about the fairgrounds give a sense of how visitors experienced this extraordinary time and place.

HISTORIC PHOTOS OF BIRMINGHAM captures the remarkable journey of this cultural city of the South, with still photography from the finest archives of city, state and private collections. Through the late 1800''s, the roaring Twenties, two World Wars and into the modern era, Birmingham has continued to grow and prosper by maintaining the strong, independent culture of its citizens. With hundreds of archival photos reproduced in stunning duotone on heavy art paper, this book is the perfect addition to any historian''s collection.

An unabridged edition to include SCENERY (The Seven Subdivisions - Degrees of Materiality - Characteristics of Astral Vision - The Aura - The Etheric Double - Power of Magnifying Minute Objects - The "Summerland" - Records of the Astral Light) INHABITANTS (I. Human. (1) Living: - The Adept or Chela in Mâyâvirûpa - The Psychically Developed Person - The Ordinary Person in Astral Body - The Black Magician. (2) Dead: - The Nirmânakâya - The Chela awaiting Reincarnation - The Ordinary Person after Death - The Shade - The Shell - The Vitalized Shell - The Suicide - The Victim of Sudden Death - The Vampire - The Werewolf - The Black Magician after Death. II. Non-human: - The Elemental Essence - The Kâmarûpas of Animals - Various Classes of Nature-Spirits, commonly called Fairies - Kâmadevas - Rûpadevas - Arûpadevas - The Devarâjahs III. Artificial: - Elementals formed Unconsciously - Guardian Angels - Elementals formed Consciously - Human Artificials - The True Origin of Spiritualism) PHENOMENA (Churchyard Ghosts - Apparitions of the Dying - Haunted Localities - Family Ghosts - Bell-ringing, Stone-throwing, etc. - Fairies - Communicating Entities - Astral Resources - Clairvoyance - Prevision - Second-Sight - Astral Forces - Etheric Currents - Etheric Pressure - Latent Energy - Sympathetic Vibration - Mantras - Disintegration - Materialization - Why Darkness is required at a Séance - Spirit Photographs - Reduplication - Precipitation of Letters and Pictures - Slate-writing - Levitation - Spirit Lights - Handling Fire - Transmutation - Repercussion)

This complete collection of Ralph Waldo Emerson's essays offers the towering wisdom and intellectual prowess.This edition contains Emerson's most famous essays, filled with quotable passages concerning different aspects of humanity and life. Herein are famous texts such as Nature and The Oversoul, free of embellishments or abridgement. Owing to their unique style, the essays of Ralph Waldo Emerson have found an appreciative and admiring audience for two centuries. Seen by many as the guiding light for the individualist philosophy that was to underpin the astonishing growth of the United States, Emerson's essays are a superb demonstration of the rigorous thought and intellectual contributions he made to the world around him. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a tireless and diligent public intellectual who would deliver over 1500 lectures over the course of his career, educating thousands of people within academia and wider society about his beliefs, principles and personal philosophy.

This superb book contains every address ever delivered by a newly elected or reelected President of the United States of America.Taken as a whole, this collection offers a comprehensive history of leadership in the USA, as well as a catalog of major challenges and milestones in the country's history. The journey of the USA from its hard-won independence to its prominence as global superpower was long and arduous; as these addresses make clear, this is a nation tested time and again by war, disaster, hardship. The inaugural addresses often refer to the political climate and events ensuing in their time, and the aspirations of each President. We witness in these speeches George Washington introducing the new country to the world, Abraham Lincoln grappling with the Civil War that divided the nation, Franklin D. Roosevelt tackling first the Great Depression and then the horrors of war. Throughout, we hear of crises encountered and overcome; of victories hard fought; of a people steadfast and determined.

St. Francis of Sales, the Bishop of Geneva, wrote these letters of spiritual encouragement to his cousin Madame Marie de Charmoisy, whom he addressed as Philothea (The Lover of God).This superb classic is useful both as a spiritual guide for Christians in the modern day, and as a historical account of how monastic orders operated during the late Renaissance period. We hear of how St. Francis developed and honed his affinity to God through reading the spiritual texts, praying daily, developing virtues and resisting the many temptations of life.The letters are wide-ranging; lessons on the immortality of the soul; instructions upon how to live in a moral and upstanding way; avoiding and defeating dalliances and temptations; best practices one can undertake before, during and after prayer time; and various meditations upon the divine are comprise a few of the topics St. Francis discusses. As their wise correspondence was regular, a monastic colleague of St. Francis suggested that it be published.

Pre-Vatican II traditional Roman Ritual in 3 volumes.This is Volume III: The Blessings. Note that this version has a b&w interior. (For color interior, see ISBNs below.) Translated and edited with Introduction and Notes by Fr. Philip T. Weller. In parallel Latin and English, with rubrics and plainchant notation. All 3 volumes are indexed in both Latin and English.THE ROMAN RITUAL (RITUALE ROMANUM)3 VOLUME SET, Year of Imprimatur: VOL 1 (1948), VOL 2 (1950), VOL 3 (1945).ISBNs:PAPERBACK, COLOR INTERIOR: Vol 1: Sacraments and Processions: ISBN-10: 1945275146 Vol 2: Christian Burial, Exorcisms, Reserved Blessings, Etc.: ISBN-10: 1945275154 Vol 3: The Blessings: ISBN-10: 1945275162PAPERBACK, B&W INTERIOR (least expensive): Vol 1: Sacraments and Processions: ISBN-10: 1945275170Vol 2: Christian Burial, Exorcisms, Reserved Blessings, Etc.: ISBN-10: 1945275189¿Vol 3: The Blessings: ISBN-10: 1945275197

We live in a unique generation.For the first time in history, the church is facing two unprecedented challenges: Reaching every people group with the gospel; and Addressing a global controversy over Israel and its future. Most Christians read the Old Testament as a story about Israel and the New Testament as a radical shift from Israel's story to the story of the nations. However, Israel and the nations are deeply connected in both the Old and New Testament.The Great Commission is not a dramatic shift in God's plan, nor is it a new idea. It is the means of fulfilling God's promises to Israel and the nations. The New Testament is neither the beginning of God's purposes for the nations nor the end of Israel's story.In Israel and the Great Commission, discover: How the Old Testament lays the foundation for the Great Commission How Israel and the Great Commission are deeply connected How Israel's story continues in the New Testament How Paul understood God's plan to save Israel and the nations through the Great Commission How God's promise to Ishmael relates to Israel and the Great Commission How the Great Commission will be finished When we understand the overarching context of the Old Testament and Israel's story, we find God has a single redemptive plan for Israel and the nations. It is found in both testaments and ultimately fulfilled through the Great Commission.

"War is a Racket" is marine general, Smedley Butler's classic treatise on why wars are conducted, who profits from them, and who pays the price. Few people are as qualified as General Butler to advance the argument encapsulated in his book's sensational title. When "War is a Racket" was first published in 1935, Butler was the most decorated American soldier of his time. He had lead several successful military operations in the Caribbean and in Central America, as well as in Europe during the First World War. Despite his success and his heroic status, however, Butler came away from these experiences with a deeply troubled view of both the purpose and the results of warfare.

Erich von Manstein was a German commander of the Wehrmacht, Nazi Germany's armed forces during the Second World War. He attained the rank of field marshal.A biography that every student of military history should read. This book gives out the life, military career and military leadership of this great Military Commander. This book is a compilation of high quality articles from the Internet.

The geological history of Earth follows the major events in Earth's past based on the geologic time scale, a system of chronological measurement based on the study of the planet's rock layers (stratigraphy). Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the solar nebula, a disk-shaped mass of dust and gas left over from the formation of the Sun, which also created the rest of the Solar System. This book is a compilation of high quality articles from the Internet.

Volume IIB is the second volume relating to (and completing) the Wehrmacht, and the German mobilisation and war-economy, from June to December 1941. It includes the most detailed Orders of Battle ever published on the German Heer, Luftwaffe, Waffen SS and Kriegsmarine, in all areas of the Reich, between 22nd June and 4th July 1941. Even small and obscure units are included, such as: flak companies, artillery HQs, observation battalions, bridging columns, Landesschützen battalions, MP battalions, railroad companies, and Luftwaffe Kurierstaffeln, Verbindungsstaffeln and Sanitätsflugbereitschaften. The Luftwaffe OOBs also include details on aircraft types and strengths in each air unit.Also scrutinised in detail are: the personnel and equipment allocated to combat-units in each army, army-group or reserve-force, in all areas across the Reich during the initial phase of Barbarossa; the ground and air units used as reinforcements as well as those newly mobilised; the total available military personnel and equipment in the Reich from June to December 1941; the Replacement Army; the overall mobilisation process and resources used; the available replacements and those sent east; the logistical supply of the Wehrmacht (i.e. the changing Supply Distribution Efficiency); the Kriegsmarine forces in the East; and the Wehrmacht and Waffen SS casualties from June 1941 to February 1942. The latter includes details on killed, wounded, missing/POW, sick and unfit, and recuperated casualties.Operation Barbarossa: the Complete Organisational and Statistical Analysis collates an immense amount of information from many sources, and presents it with contextual history and analyses. The professional or amateur scholar is provided with comprehensive details of all the armed forces on the East Front during 1941, as well as the relevant economic and logistical support. The complete work represents the most accurate and comprehensive quantitative analysis yet, of the East-Front campaign. Currently no other single work provides a comparable reference on what was the most decisive and destructive campaign of WWII.

In 1887, journalist Nellie Bly posed as a mentally ill, homeless woman in order to expose conditions at the Blackwell's Island asylum in New York City. Her descriptions of the neglect and abuse women residents endured shocked readers, prompted improvements in the treatment of the mentally ill, and remain a landmark in the history of investigative journalism.

This book covers American Sports Cars built in limited numbers, over a limited number of years. They were built in an effort to rival the best of sports cars from the UK and Europe and were also for a time rivals to Americas only continuously built sports car, the Corvette.

A preacher's classic methodological guide, updated with significant new material.

Many questions are currently being asked about the place of Islam in the modern world. Among these questions the most important one of all sometimes gets lost: Is Islam true? With his new book author Peter Townsend invites you to accompany him on a journey through the foundational texts of the Muslim religion. In the process the truth-claims of Islam will be respectfully, honestly and impartially evaluated. Along the way the following questions will be asked: • Can the traditional Islamic historical accounts be trusted? • Is the Qur'an a 'Perfect Book, Perfectly Preserved'? • Was Muhammad indeed a 'Beautiful Pattern of Conduct'? The answers to these questions will not be sought from modern commentaries on Islam. Instead Questioning Islam goes straight to the classic sources of Islam namely the Qur'an, hadiths (traditions) and biographies of Muhammad. Questioning Islam is not an attempt to promote any other belief system or ideology. Its focus is simply on asking the hard questions about Islam that are all too often ignored or swept under the carpet. Simply put, if you have ever wondered whether the truth-claims of Islam can withstand critical scrutiny then this book is for you!

Edmund Burke's "Reflections on the Revolution in France" is considered by many to be a masterpiece of political analysis and a compelling rationale against the French Revolution. Originally written as a letter in response to a young Parisian and later expanded upon and published in book format in January 1790, the work has greatly influenced conservative and classic liberal intellectuals and stands as a powerful argument against violent revolutions, lawlessness, and unrest. Prior to 1790, Burke was a well-known member of the British House of Commons and a vocal supporter of the American Revolution. His condemnation of the French Revolution shocked many of his peers and supporters. Burke viewed the French Revolution as a violent and chaotic war without any guiding ideology or respect for the rule of law and feared it would lead to a situation that was both dangerous and corrupt. Many of Burke's predictions came true as the Revolution devolved into bloodshed and anarchy with the Reign of Terror beginning in 1793 and then leading to the eventual military dictatorship of Napoleon Bonaparte. Burke's work stands as an enduring statement in support of tradition, hereditary power, property rights, duty, and the monarchy. This edition is printed on premium acid-free paper.