Politik

This book focuses on qualitative research centering on the "Five Eyes'' countries (the five countries with intelligence sharing relations: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and the United States) and how they are leveraging the instruments of national power to advance their position and to look for points of intersection where these countries will work with one another. This ten-chapter volume covers the following topics: overview, methodology, a chapter for each of the "Five Eyes' ' or FVEYs nations, analysis & findings, and conclusion.

What are the facts that the Islamic State is seeking to create a civil war in France; that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad used chemical weapons; that Vladimir Putin is trying to destabilise our democracies; that terrorism has struck France, not for what it does, but for what it is; that the genocide in Darfur has claimed 400,000 victims?... Literally none, but these assertions are enough to establish the foreign policy of Western countries.The author, a former agent of the Swiss strategic intelligence service, reviews the main contemporary conflicts that Western countries have managed with fake news over the last thirty years.

The New Economy never arrived, instead we have regressed towards darker times. Have we already entered the age of techno-feudalism? Inequality, stagnant productivity, endemic instability: The new economy of the nineties promised a new era of freedom and prosperity fuelled by technology and innovation. It didn't deliver. Certainly, algorithms are everywhere, but this does not mean that capitalism has become civilized or provided for the 99%. In the hands of private corporations, the digitalization of the world drives us toward an even darker future. The return of monopolies, the dependence of subject-citizens on platforms, the blurring of the distinction between the economic and the political all epitomize a systemic mutation. Information and data networks push the economy in the direction of the feudal logic of rent, dispossession, and domination of the many by the few. Techno-feudalism offers a fresh genealogy of the Silicon Valley consensus and its aporias. It disentangles the principles of an emerging system-wide rationale. Large firms compete in cyberspace to gain control over data sources. In this new economic order, capital is moving away from production to focus on predation. Acclaimed political economist Cédric Durand's devastating critique of our current Silicon Valley dominated economy points the way toward the systemic changes we need to build a more just society.

Dans les pays où la culture politique est une maladie ou tout au moins fait défaut, les rôles des uns et des autres plongent dans le flou. Ici on ne sait vraiment pas qui est du pouvoir et qui est du camp adverse (opposition). La pratique dans ces derniers Etats étant qüon se tourne la veste politique que pour autant l¿on constate en danger ses intérêts. C¿est dire qüun désordre véritable existe dans ces Etats où la démocratie apparait comme un fait nouveau. Ce désordre au niveau des responsabilités à défendre nous amène à nous interroger sur les nouvelles classes politiques des anciennes dictatures. En effet qüappelle-t-on réellement opposant ? Que devrait être le rôle de celui-ci dans les nouvelles démocraties d¿Afrique ? Leur statut ? S¿achemine-t-on vers la confusion des rôles et de classes politiques ?

National Security Theory posits that the international strategic environment is harsh, uncertain, intolerant, and dangerous; consequently, it requires a deliberate and comprehensive strategy that includes all functional sectors of the state in order to generate the elements of national power necessary to achieve defense purposes. Methodologically, there are three motives that establish the general basis of National Security Theory and at the same time serve as basic drivers for the development of comprehensive concepts and ideas on the issue of multi-sectoral national security, defined as socio-strategic fragility, socio-strategic power, and socio-strategic defense. It is a conceptual system and an operational combination directed towards containing the primary roots of the multi-faceted threats.

Was tun, wenn eine Gesellschaft zerbricht? Wenn Menschen sich unversöhnlich gegenüberstehen. Wenn Bildung, Wissen und Erfahrung durch Haltung ersetzt werden. Was wird nur herbeigeredet oder aufgebauscht? Gerd und Renate Reuther nehmen Dich mit hinter die Nebelwand der Narrative. 56 Impulse für eine Schubumkehr im Denken und einen persönlichen Neustart. Univ.-Doz. (Wien) Dr. med. Gerd Reuther ist Facharzt für Radiologie, Medizinaufklärer und Medizinhistoriker. Er veröffentlichte rund 100 Beiträge in nationalen und internationalen Fachzeitschriften und -büchern sowie fünf Bücher, die sich kritisch mit der Medizin in Geschichte und Gegenwart auseinandersetzen. Dr. phil. Renate Reuther ist promovierte Historikerin. Sie veröffentlichte zahlreiche Bücher zur Kulturgeschichte. Mit "Enthüllungen über Holle, Percht und Christkind" schrieb sie die Weihnachtsgeschichte neu. 2023 erschütterte das Autorenpaar mit "Hauptsache Panik - Ein neuer Blick auf Pandemien in Europa" die Seuchennarrative.

GUN CONTROL: INTERNATIONAL VIEWS, PERSPECTIVES AND COMPARISONS extensively explores gun control policies, firearm ownership landscapes, and associated issues across various countries. It begins with an introductory chapter outlining its scope and purpose. Subsequent chapters delve into topics such as gun control policies encompassing crime prevention, public safety, mass shooting reduction, mental health considerations, domestic violence prevention, accidental shooting prevention, national security, illegal firearm trafficking, and maintenance of public order. The book also addresses the definition of guns, civilian firearm use, responsible gun ownership, and the United States' intricate gun ownership landscape, covering laws, regulations, statistics, and the impact of policies on violent crime and mass shootings. Further chapters extend this analysis to other nations, exploring gun control scenarios in Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, Switzerland, Japan, Brazil, South Africa, and Russia. Additionally, the book discusses global perspectives on gun ownership variations, the purchase process, and introduces a rating system for effective gun control policies. The final chapter explores the sociological aspects of sports shooting, covering historical development, cultural influences, community dynamics, inclusivity, economic factors, political aspects, controversies, and the intersection of health and well-being. The inclusion of an index and reference section enhances the book's accessibility and credibility, ultimately presenting a comprehensive examination of diverse aspects within the realm of gun-related subjects.

In the early 2020s, there has been a notable shift in the fundamental framework governing the relationship between Australia and China, with geopolitical considerations taking precedence over economic interests. Canberra has implemented a series of new measures in response to perceived risks in Australia's economic ties with China, the Chinese Communist Party's attempts to wield political influence in Australia, the expanding capabilities and presence of the People's Liberation Army, and Beijing's economic and diplomatic advancements in Southeast Asia and the Southwest Pacific. China's approach towards Australia has become more coercive, encompassing both economic and diplomatic dimensions. Despite this, Australia has successfully weathered Beijing's punitive trade measures without experiencing significant economic repercussions. China's increasingly assertive regional stance has prompted substantial adjustments to Australia's defence and alliance policies, involving new acquisitions of capabilities and strategic initiatives. Authored by expert in international relations and diplomacy, this book offers a nuanced exploration of the multifaceted connection between Australia and China, highlighting the complexities that arise from a blend of economic interdependence, geopolitical considerations, and cultural differences.

"China and Taiwan: Crossing the Strait" dives into the complex dynamics between China and Taiwan, offering a nuanced exploration through its diverse chapters. From dissecting Taiwan's aspirations for reunification to unravelling the intricacies of cross-strait relations and China's expansion tactics, the book navigates the geopolitical landscape with precision. Topics like "Social Entrepreneurship in Post-Developmental State Taiwan" and "Chinese Youth Nationalism" provide a fresh perspective on societal aspects. The book also scrutinizes economic ties, tracing the trajectory of Taiwanese investment in China and examining cross-strait economic connections. Readers also witness the evolution of identities in Taiwan during Ma Ying-jeou's era and gain insights into U.S. security relations with Taiwan. The narrative extends to the identity shifts among Taiwanese in mainland China, contemplating the pivotal question of whether to pivot, hedge, or ally. The comprehensive exploration concludes with an in-depth analysis of Xi Jinping's Taiwan policy. "Crossing the Strait" is a thought-provoking journey through the multifaceted aspects shaping the delicate relationship between China and Taiwan.

The foundational ideas of Indian democracy-fraternity, equality, secularism,justice-are not alien concepts. As this book shows, from the earliest attemptwith the 'Constitution of India Bill' in 1895, whose authorship is unknown,to the 1925 Commonwealth of India Bill, the Motilal Nehru ConstitutionalDraft of 1928 and various Congress resolutions to the Constituent Assemblyof 1946, we see these basic ideas reiterated again and again. With the adoptionof the Constitution, 'we, the people' merely affirmed our faith in an idea offreedom that thousands of Indians had fought and died for.Among the many distinguishing features of our Constitution is the role ithas played in realizing the promises of the freedom struggle. We see how,creative interpretations by the judiciary aside, it has provided the blueprint forinterventions by civil society to protect the citizen from both the brazennessof political power as well as the uncertainties of a developing economy. Nowonder, then, that in the decades since Independence, the Constitution hasbecome our very identity as Indians. For all its shortcomings, it has held ourdemocracy together, and the people have, likewise, stepped up in its defencewhen needed, like they did in 2019 to protest the ominous amendments tothe Citizenship Act.In this lucid yet passionately argued essay, distinguished scholar of politicalscience Neera Chandhoke shows us why our Constitution is as much apolitical and moral document as it is a legal one, and as Indian as the republicit created.

In the second half of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century, nearly one-third of the population of today¿s Slovenia permanently settled in countries around the world. Many more were traveling back and forth, searching for work to ensure the survival of the family members left behind at home and the prosperity for the families and communities they were creating abroad. From one of the smallest nations in Europe, barely reaching one and a half million inhabitants at the time, people departed in numbers reaching 440,000. This book tells their stories, about the "daring dreams of the future," as the Slovenian poet Oton ¿upanc¿ic¿¿whose words open the book¿so beautifully put it. The people who left took recipes for their foods, accordions for their music, and love for their culture and language, which was, and has remained, a linguistic island between Vienna and Venice. In their new communities, they built homes, churches, and cultural institutions that have survived until today.

Ai lettori (se il libro ne avrà, che non li merita) riuscirà difficile capire come diavolo possa esser nata una insanità simile a questa; ed ecco, per quel ch'io so, come avvenne. Vegetava in Bologna, e può darsi che vi agonizzi ancora, un foglietto di carta stampata venduto una volta la settimana ai cittadini che non sanno come sciupare il tempo. S'intitolava "È permesso?..." e non poteva uscire dalla breve cerchia delle mura poichè mordeva solo gli uomini che dentro alle mura hanno fama, uffici o difetti. Perciò era scritto o in dialetto o in italiano così fitto d'idiotismi da parere un peggiorativo del dialetto. Lo dirigeva un certo Cesare Dallanoce, al cui cognome botanico s'era appi...

In a short space of time, Egypt has seen two revolutions, four presidents and three constitutions. This is the most important political transition in the country's modern history. Throughout this period, a struggle for power has raged between the three main players in this conflict, namely Mubarak and his regime, the Muslim Brotherhood with its Political Islam project, and the army with its aim of recovering lost power. The main aim of this work is to fill in the gaps in the analysis of civil-military relations in Egypt and the Arab world in general. The aim is to present an alternative formula, and to open a debate on this new critical vision.

Cette étude vise à examiner les relations causales et à long terme entre le PIB réel, l'inflation et les rendements du marché boursier au Nigéria. L'étude utilise des séries de données temporelles annuelles pour un échantillon de 28 ans, de 1985 à 2013, en fonction de la disponibilité des données. Pour atteindre cet objectif, l'approche de co-intégration de Johansen (1988) et le cadre VECM ont été appliqués. Les résultats indiquent une relation positive significative à long terme entre le PIB réel et les rendements du marché boursier au Nigeria. Il est conclu qu'il existe une relation négative significative à long terme entre l'inflation et les rendements du marché boursier au Nigeria. Les résultats du VAR suggèrent qu'il n'y a pas de relation à court terme entre le PIB réel et les rendements boursiers, tandis que l'inflation a une relation à court terme avec les rendements boursiers au Nigeria. En outre, les résultats du test de causalité de Granger indiquent une causalité unidirectionnelle forte et significative au niveau de 1 %, allant des rendements boursiers au PIB réel. L'étude conclut qu'il existe une relation de rétroaction entre les rendements boursiers et l'inflation, et entre le PIB réel et l'inflation. Cela implique que des politiques favorisant une croissance économique durable peuvent être mises en ¿uvre.

Este estudo tem por objetivo investigar as relações de longo prazo e causais entre o PIB real, a inflação e os retornos do mercado de acções na Nigéria. O estudo utiliza um conjunto de dados de séries cronológicas anuais para uma amostra de 28 anos, de 1985 a 2013, com base na disponibilidade de dados. Para atingir este objetivo, foram aplicadas a abordagem de co-integração de Johansen (1988) e o quadro VECM. Os resultados indicam uma relação positiva significativa a longo prazo entre o PIB real e os retornos do mercado bolsista na Nigéria. Conclui-se que existe uma relação negativa significativa a longo prazo entre a inflação e os rendimentos do mercado bolsista na Nigéria. Os resultados do VAR sugerem que não existe uma relação de curto prazo entre o PIB real e a rendibilidade do mercado bolsista, enquanto a inflação tem uma relação de curto prazo com a rendibilidade do mercado bolsista na Nigéria. Além disso, os resultados do teste de causalidade de Granger indicam uma forte causalidade unidirecional significativa ao nível de 1%, que vai dos rendimentos do mercado bolsista para o PIB real. Concluiu-se que existe uma relação de retorno entre os rendimentos do mercado bolsista e a inflação, e entre o PIB real e a inflação. Isto tem implicações para a prossecução de políticas que promovam um crescimento económico sustentável.

Num curto espaço de tempo, o Egipto assistiu a duas revoluções, quatro presidentes e três constituições. Esta é a transição política mais importante da história moderna do país. Durante todo este período, assistiu-se a uma luta pelo poder entre os três principais intervenientes neste conflito, nomeadamente Mubarak e o seu regime, a Irmandade Muçulmana com o seu projeto de Islão Político e o exército com o seu objetivo de recuperar o poder perdido. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é preencher as lacunas na análise das relações entre civis e militares no Egipto e no mundo árabe em geral. O objetivo é apresentar uma fórmula alternativa e abrir um debate sobre esta nova visão crítica.

Depuis 1995, la République fédérale démocratique d'Éthiopie est principalement administrée par une structure ethno-fédéraliste marquée par une certaine répartition des responsabilités entre les composantes ethniques, nationales, étatiques et régionales, dans le but de maintenir l'intégrité territoriale globale du pays. Cependant, malgré les résultats continus de la croissance économique au cours de la dernière décennie et les tentatives entreprises pour sortir les pauvres des zones rurales de la pauvreté, la mise en ¿uvre du fédéralisme ethnique en Éthiopie au cours des vingt dernières années a donné lieu à des débats polarisants. L'objectif principal de cette étude est de réévaluer la structure du type de fédéralisme éthiopien qui existe depuis plus de deux décennies et d'en tirer des leçons. En outre, l'étude devrait permettre aux décideurs politiques de réexaminer la forme actuelle du fédéralisme et de transformer ainsi le pays en un fédéralisme démocratique autonome qui contribuerait à la stabilité et à l'unité de l'Éthiopie et donnerait aux populations locales les moyens de s'autogouverner afin qu'elles puissent aller de l'avant et s'engager dans un dialogue qui défendrait efficacement leurs intérêts, leurs griefs et leurs aspirations.

Questo studio si propone di indagare le relazioni di lungo periodo e causali tra il PIL reale, l'inflazione e i rendimenti del mercato azionario in Nigeria. Lo studio utilizza serie di dati temporali annuali per un campione di 28 anni dal 1985 al 2013, sulla base della disponibilità dei dati. Per raggiungere questo obiettivo, sono stati applicati l'approccio di cointegrazione di Johansen (1988) e il quadro VECM. I risultati indicano una relazione positiva significativa di lungo periodo tra il PIL reale e i rendimenti del mercato azionario in Nigeria. Si conclude che esiste una relazione negativa significativa a lungo termine tra l'inflazione e i rendimenti del mercato azionario in Nigeria. I risultati del VAR suggeriscono che non esiste una relazione a breve termine tra il PIL reale e i rendimenti del mercato azionario, mentre l'inflazione ha una relazione a breve termine con i rendimenti del mercato azionario in Nigeria. Inoltre, i risultati del test di causalità di Granger indicano una forte causalità unidirezionale significativa al livello dell'1%, che va dai rendimenti del mercato azionario al PIL reale. Si conclude che esiste una relazione di feedback tra i rendimenti del mercato azionario e l'inflazione, e tra il PIL reale e l'inflazione. Ciò ha come conseguenza che si possono perseguire politiche che promuovano una crescita economica sostenibile.

In un breve lasso di tempo, l'Egitto ha visto due rivoluzioni, quattro presidenti e tre costituzioni. Si tratta della più importante transizione politica nella storia moderna del Paese. Durante tutto questo periodo, si è scatenata una lotta per il potere tra i tre principali attori di questo conflitto, ovvero Mubarak e il suo regime, i Fratelli Musulmani con il loro progetto di Islam politico e l'esercito con l'obiettivo di recuperare il potere perduto. L'obiettivo principale di questo lavoro è quello di colmare le lacune nell'analisi delle relazioni civili-militari in Egitto e nel mondo arabo in generale. L'obiettivo è presentare una formula alternativa e aprire un dibattito su questa nuova visione critica.

Este estudio pretende investigar las relaciones causales y a largo plazo entre el PIB real, la inflación y los rendimientos del mercado bursátil en Nigeria. El estudio utiliza series temporales de datos anuales para una muestra de 28 años, de 1985 a 2013, en función de la disponibilidad de datos. Para lograr este objetivo, se han aplicado el enfoque de cointegración de Johansen (1988) y el marco VECM. Los resultados indican una relación positiva significativa a largo plazo entre el PIB real y los rendimientos del mercado bursátil en Nigeria. Se concluye que existe una relación negativa significativa a largo plazo entre la inflación y los rendimientos del mercado de valores en Nigeria. El resultado del VAR, sugiere que no hay relación a corto plazo entre el PIB real y los rendimientos del mercado de valores, mientras que la inflación tiene relación a corto plazo con los rendimientos del mercado de valores en Nigeria. Además, los resultados de la prueba de causalidad de Granger indican una fuerte causalidad unidireccional significativa al nivel del 1%, que va de los rendimientos del mercado de valores al PIB real. Se concluye que existe una relación de retroalimentación entre los rendimientos del mercado bursátil y la inflación, y entre el PIB real y la inflación. Esto tiene la implicación de que, pueden aplicarse políticas que promuevan un crecimiento económico sostenible.

En poco tiempo, Egipto ha vivido dos revoluciones, cuatro presidentes y tres constituciones. Se trata de la transición política más importante de la historia moderna del país. A lo largo de este periodo, se ha librado una lucha por el poder entre los tres principales actores de este conflicto, a saber, Mubarak y su régimen, los Hermanos Musulmanes con su proyecto de Islam Político, y el ejército con su objetivo de recuperar el poder perdido. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es colmar las lagunas existentes en el análisis de las relaciones cívico-militares en Egipto y en el mundo árabe en general. El objetivo es presentar una fórmula alternativa y abrir un debate sobre esta nueva visión crítica.

Cel' dannogo issledowaniq - izuchit' dolgosrochnye i prichinno-sledstwennye swqzi mezhdu real'nym VVP, inflqciej i dohodnost'ü fondowogo rynka w Nigerii. V issledowanii ispol'zuetsq nabor dannyh godowyh wremennyh rqdow za 28 let s 1985 po 2013 god, ishodq iz dostupnosti dannyh. Dlq dostizheniq ätoj celi byli primeneny kointegracionnyj podhod Johansena (1988) i sistema VECM. Rezul'taty ukazywaüt na znachitel'nuü dolgosrochnuü polozhitel'nuü swqz' mezhdu real'nym VVP i dohodnost'ü fondowogo rynka w Nigerii. Sdelan wywod, chto suschestwuet znachitel'naq otricatel'naq dolgosrochnaq swqz' mezhdu inflqciej i dohodnost'ü fondowogo rynka w Nigerii. Rezul'tat VAR pokazal, chto kratkosrochnaq swqz' mezhdu real'nym VVP i dohodnost'ü fondowogo rynka otsutstwuet, w to wremq kak inflqciq imeet kratkosrochnuü swqz' s dohodnost'ü fondowogo rynka w Nigerii. Bolee togo, rezul'taty testa na prichinnost' po Grejndzheru ukazywaüt na sil'nuü odnonaprawlennuü prichinno-sledstwennuü swqz' na urowne 1%, iduschuü ot dohodnosti fondowogo rynka k real'nomu VVP. Iz ätogo sleduet wywod, chto suschestwuet obratnaq swqz' mezhdu dohodnost'ü fondowogo rynka i inflqciej, a takzhe mezhdu real'nym VVP i inflqciej. Iz ätogo sleduet, chto mozhno prowodit' politiku, kotoraq budet sposobstwowat' ustojchiwomu äkonomicheskomu rostu.

Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die langfristigen und kausalen Beziehungen zwischen dem realen BIP, der Inflation und den Aktienmarktrenditen in Nigeria zu untersuchen. Die Studie verwendet jährliche Zeitreihendaten für eine Stichprobe von 28 Jahren, von 1985 bis 2013, auf der Grundlage der Datenverfügbarkeit. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wurden der Kointegrationsansatz von Johansen (1988) und der VECM-Rahmen angewendet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine signifikante langfristige positive Beziehung zwischen dem realen BIP und den Aktienmarktrenditen in Nigeria. Es wird geschlussfolgert, dass es eine signifikante negative langfristige Beziehung zwischen der Inflation und den Aktienmarktrenditen in Nigeria gibt. Die VAR-Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass keine kurzfristige Beziehung zwischen dem realen BIP und den Aktienmarktrenditen besteht, während die Inflation eine kurzfristige Beziehung zu den Aktienmarktrenditen in Nigeria aufweist. Darüber hinaus deuten die Ergebnisse des Granger-Kausalitätstests auf eine stark signifikante unidirektionale Kausalität auf dem 1%-Niveau hin, die von den Aktienmarktrenditen zum realen BIP verläuft. Die Schlussfolgerung ist, dass es eine Rückkopplung zwischen den Aktienmarktrenditen und der Inflation sowie zwischen dem realen BIP und der Inflation gibt. Dies hat zur Folge, dass politische Maßnahmen zur Förderung eines nachhaltigen Wirtschaftswachstums ergriffen werden können.

Za korotkij promezhutok wremeni w Egipte proizoshli dwe rewolücii, smenilis' chetyre prezidenta i tri konstitucii. Jeto samyj wazhnyj politicheskij perehod w sowremennoj istorii strany. Na protqzhenii wsego ätogo perioda bor'ba za wlast' welas' mezhdu tremq osnownymi uchastnikami ätogo konflikta: Mubarakom i ego rezhimom, "Brat'qmi-musul'manami" s ih proektom politicheskogo islama i armiej, stremqschejsq wernut' utrachennuü wlast'. Osnownaq cel' dannoj raboty - wospolnit' probely w analize woenno-grazhdanskih otnoshenij w Egipte i arabskom mire w celom. Zadacha sostoit w tom, chtoby predstawit' al'ternatiwnuü formulu i otkryt' diskussiü po powodu ätogo nowogo kriticheskogo wideniq.

Innerhalb kürzester Zeit hat Ägypten zwei Revolutionen, vier Präsidenten und drei Verfassungen erlebt. Es handelt sich dabei um den größten politischen Übergang in der modernen Geschichte des Landes. Während dieser Zeit tobte ein Machtkampf zwischen den drei Hauptakteuren in diesem Konflikt: Mubarak und sein Regime, die Muslimbruderschaft mit ihrem Projekt des politischen Islams und die Armee mit ihrem Ziel, die verlorene Macht wiederzuerlangen. Diese Arbeit zielt vor allem darauf ab, die Lücken zu schließen und das Defizit an Analysen der zivil-militärischen Beziehungen in Ägypten und in der arabischen Welt im Allgemeinen zu ergänzen. Das Ziel besteht darin, eine alternative Formel zu präsentieren und eine Debatte über diese neue kritische Sichtweise zu eröffnen.

Le monde multipolaire est un sujet qui fait polémique sur la planète. Cela constitue un des objectifs principaux qui animent les BRICS. Les BRICS, c'est un groupe de certaines puissances mondiales imminentes animé par des objectifs indéniables. Le présent ouvrage prend acte de l'existence des BRICS. Il vous conduira à sonder leurs stratégies et vous amènera à croire l'idée d'un nouvel ordre mondial.

Maison rustique du xixe siècle est le nom d'une série de cinq tomes d'une encyclopédie, rédigée au début du xixe siècle, vouée à l'agriculture et à la sylviculture, à la vie à la ferme. Ses auteurs veulent produire à la fois un traité exhaustif de l'agriculture au xixe siècle et une « encyclopédie pratique ». L'encyclopédie rencontre rapidement un succès national, et même européen.