Bücher veröffentlicht von Duncker & Humblot GmbH

»Kant and World Federalism. Theoretical Foundation and Topicality of Kants Global-Political Philosophy«: In the context of globalization, the replacement of the nation-state paradigm by a federal world state is increasingly discussed. Peter Unruh examines the contribution of Kant's global political philosophy to this discussion by means of an in-depth analysis of the relevant writings. As a result, the Kantian postulate of world federalism is exposed, thus affirming the unbroken relevance of Kantian thought also for political thought in the 21st century.

»The Interpretation of the Prohibition of the Use of Force and Possible Exemptions. Russian Doctrine and Practice«: The interpretation of the prohibition of the use of force is one core question of international law. The analysis is based on the evaluation of Russian academic literature, official Russian documents and materials, and relevant Russian legislation and jurisprudence. The Russian positions on current conflicts are also embedded in the historical context; at the same time, tensions between theory and practice are elaborated. The question of a uniform understanding of the institutes of international law is the main topic of this thesis.

»Regulatory Discretion. A Critical Reconstruction«: The thesis researches the transfer of the Regulatory Discretion developed for telecommunications law to energy law. Since this transfer has led to a loss of legal protection, a new form of discretion called Subsumption Discretion is introduced into the discourse in order to describe the specific administrative activity in energy regulation, which has to create competitive market conditions, without loss of legal protection for market participants.

»Secondary Loopholes in Law«: Laws exist in time and are also subject to the influence of time. Not infrequently, the law lags behind a rapidly changing reality. The Federal Constitutional Court of Germany (»Bundesverfassungsgericht«) demands from the courts that the purpose of the law, as determined by the legislature, be reliably enforced over time. The dissertation concretizes this requirement and, drawing on the methodological category of the secondary loophole, designs a convincing concept for capturing change in the law.

»The Human Right to Reparations. Theoretical Considerations and Practical Implementation at the International Criminal Court«: Victims of international crimes rightly demand reparations for the most severe physical and psychological suffering inflicted upon them. This interdisciplinary study demonstrates that this claim by victims for reparations is grounded in human rights. At the same time, the practice of reparations at the Trust Fund for Victims of the International Criminal Court (ICC) is critically examined. In the process, numerous deficits in the operationalization of the human right to reparations at the ICC are revealed.

Nach der (noch) überwiegenden Meinung im Gesellschaftsrecht ist die Beteiligung des Gesellschafters einer Personengesellschaft grundsätzlich einheitlich. Daher kann ein Personengesellschafter prinzipiell nicht gleichzeitig mehrere gleichartige oder mehrere unterschiedlich ausgestaltete Beteiligungen an derselben Personengesellschaft innehaben (Grundsatz der Einheitlichkeit der Personengesellschaftsbeteiligung).Der Autor untersucht, ob der Grundsatz der Einheitlichkeit der Beteiligung auch für die mitunternehmerische Beteiligung an einer gewerblichen Personengesellschaft im Einkommensteuerrecht gilt. Er kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass auch die Beteiligung an einer gewerblichen Mitunternehmerschaft im Grundsatz einheitlich ist. Dieser Grundsatz werde jedoch in bestimmten (einkommen- sowie erbschaft- und schenkungsteuerrechtlichen) Fallkonstellationen durchbrochen.

Gegenstand der Untersuchung ist der richterrechtliche Geldentschädigungsanspruch für Persönlichkeitsverletzungen, der seit jeher in zahlreichen Einzelheiten seiner Rechtsfortbildung umstritten ist. In kontroverser Diskussion steht seit neuem auch die Vererblichkeit des Anspruchs, nachdem sich der Bundesgerichtshof wiederholt gegen einen Rechtsübergang auf die Erben ausgesprochen hat. Die Rechtsprechung pflegt allen voran mit der sog. Genugtuungsfunktion auch in diesem Fall die Sonderbehandlung des aus Art. 2 und 1 GG hergeleiteten Anspruchs. Die Abhandlung nimmt die Problemstellung daher zum Anlass, die dogmatische Stringenz der Persönlichkeits- und Entschädigungsrechtsprechung anhand des gegebenen Rechts zu beurteilen und übt Kritik an der Ungleichbehandlung des zivilrechtlichen Persönlichkeitsschutzes. Dies erfolgt unter kritischer Würdigung der Herleitung des Entschädigungsanspruchs, der zivilrechtsdogmatischen Einordnung der Funktionen und der Prüfung der erbrechtlichen Sukzession.

»Reforming the German Federal Constitunional Court?«: On the »seventieth birthday« of the Federal Constitutional Court, twelve lawyers and social scientists reflect on its need for reform. This compilation presents their findings in sections: An inventory state of the art first summarizes constitutional-theoretical, political-scientific, legal sociological, and historical analyses, including an attempt of a self-description by the Federal Constitutional Court. This overview is followed in the second section by contributions to the organization of the court, which examine the choice of judges, constitutional complaints, the relationship between constitutional judges and their academic staff, as well as the Institute of the Amicus Curiae for reform options. In the third section, legitimation aspects of the Federal Constitutional Court are discussed, which are currently the subject of intense discussions both among lawyers and social scientists.

»Catalysts of Cultural Criticism? Conservative Publishing Houses in Postwar Western Germany. The Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt as an Example«Konstantin Götschel's work, which is as much a contribution to intellectual history as it is to media history, explores motivations, conditions, and constraints of publishing and examines book publishers, especially the Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, as institutions of the articulation of conservative theorems and world views, that helped conservatives regain their voices and became essential vehicles for their agencies.

»Third-party Benefits in Favor of the Employing Company within the Scope of sec. 299 German Criminal Code. An Examination of Quick Savings and Similar Business Practices as well as Tying Agreements«: Due to the broad scope of sec. 299 German Criminal Code, every advantage negotiated for the employer entails the risk of a criminal liability for the employee. This question is of particular practical relevance to so-called quick savings and tying agreements. This paper discusses the arguments put forward in the literature to date and presents its own solution. Another focus of the work is the examination of-party benefits in corporate constellations.

»Questions of Imputation in the offense of Fraud«: The thesis examines classic and modern problems of the offense of fraud under the lense of methods of imputation provided by the General Part of the Criminal Code. Among other topics, it deals with the imputation of knowledge within organizations (e.g. corporations) and the question of accountability in complex constellations with three or more parties involved in a fraudulent action.

»The Obligations of Pursuing an Economic Activity in the Event of Private Insolvency«: The German insolvency act grants a right to debt relief only to debtors who have acted in good faith. This requires that the debtor pursues an appropriate economic activity or seeks work This raises the question what does »appropriate« mean and when is a debtor's effort to find a job sufficient? The thesis systematizes the obligations of pursuing an economic actity in the event of an individual's insolvency, elaborates their dogmatic foundations and solves specific practical problems.

»Continuity of Constitution. Statements of Continuity and Discontinuity in the German constitutions between the Old Reich and 1849«: Looking at German constitutions between the end of the Old Reich and the democratic revolution in 1849, the author examines so-called "continuity expressions" by certain categories, formed according to how explicitly continuity is expressed, with respect to preceding constitutions. In doing so, he concludes that the constitutions at hand rarely ever express explicit discontinuity, but transport continuity foremost on a more implicit and >topological< level to carry past legitimacy to a new era.

»Religious Freedom in Times of Epidemic«: The measures taken in the course of the Corona pandemic triggered dramatic restrictions on public and private life. Beyond the political discussion on the pros and cons of the measures, there is a need for a fundamental reflection of the issues involved. The contributions in this volume examine the rank and status of religious freedom in exceptional situations and attempt to answer the question of the »systemic relevance« of religion in the crisis of a society.

»The Enigmatic Gorbachev«: German Foreign Office's assessment of the Soviet Union's newly appointed Generalsecretary, a faithful creature of the party apparatus who impressed the public with his unorthodox style, a promise of domestic reform and sweeping disarmament proposals; alignment with Western allies; impact of Soviet propaganda on West-German foreign policy; the »German question«. Milestones (1985-1987): Chernobyl; Reykjavik; Chancellor Kohl's interview with Newsweek. Hesitantly skepticism gave way to an openness to take Gorbachev »by his word«.

»The Limitations of Judicial Power in Private Law«: The thesis analyzes the limits of judicial power in private law and, to that extent, the delimitation of judicial and legislative power under the German Constitution. The methodological study explores the prerequisites and scope of judicial decision-making and results in a comprehensive system that provides guidelines to determine whether the creation of judge-made law is permissible or impermissible.

»The Theory of >Geltungsbeendigungsanlass

»The New Provisions of the ARUG II on Identification of Shareholders, Transmission of Information and Facilitation of Exercise of Shareholder Rights.«The thesis presents new regulations of the German Stock Corporation Act (Aktiengesetz) on identification of shareholders, transmission of information and facilitation of exercise of shareholder rights. The objectives of the work are to clarify important questions of interpretation with regard to the new regulations, to place them in the context of the previous regulations on shareholder transparency and to provide an overview of their effects on the German corporate law.

»Exemption from the Duty of Confidentiality of the Supervisory Board of a Stock Corporation with State Participation«: The book examines the legal requirements for a state participation in a corporation. It is shown that in the case of a state participation, corporate law and not public law applies in principle. On the basis of constitutional law, there may be exceptions to this rule. For example, in the case of a participation of the federal government, the duty of confidentiality of the supervisory board of a stock corporation may have to be reduced due to constitutional law.

»The Cost of Free Services. Personal Data as New Means of Payment«Consumers are increasingly »paying« for digital services with their personal data. However, consumers and entrepreneurs do not participate equally in the value creation with personal data. Matthias Walker examines how this discrepancy in value creation, which is to the disadvantage of consumers, can be countered. Particular focus is placed on the creation of an absolute right to data and the significance of the EU Digital Content Directive.

»The Ideal Jurist in the Light of a Changing German State«: In the »Third Reich« and the GDR, jurists were first deemed »soldiers« of Hitler, then socialist state functionaries. The supposedly still »independent« judge was subordinated to the state power, and the training of jurists was dedicated to the education of ideology. In the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany however, jurists were not elevated to guarantors of the liberal constitution. The new state and its foundations left almost no trace in legal education and its reform debates.

»The Use of Automatic and Intelligent Agents in the Financial Services Sector. A Regulatory and Civil Law Assessment Based on the Example of so-called Robo-Advisors«The financial sector is particularly affected by digitalization. Many financial services providers are using automated and intelligent agents. The thesis uses the example of so-called robo-advisors, i.e. digital investment advisors and asset managers, to address problems that arise in the areas of civil and regulatory law and offers possible solutions both on the basis of existing law and by way of proposed reforms.

»The Reception of >Western< Constitutional Law in Turkey. The Turkish Constitution of 1961«The author explores the question of which »western« norms, principles and institutions were adopted by those responsible for drafting the Turkish Constitution of 1961. In doing so, he investigates the grounds and legitimizations for the reception of »western« constitutional law, as well as the limits to it. The thesis describes how the Turkish Constitution of 1961 represented a composition of various constitutional systems, especially the Italian Constitution of 1947/1948 and the German Basic Law of 1949.

»Roman Schnur in Eastern Europe, 1971-1996«Roman Schnur (1927-1996) was a leading member of the German post war public law academic community. He could be described as a >thinkernetworker

»European Basic Values. A Critical View«The European Union is viewed more and more critical and some political groups are calling for it to be dismantled or even for their country to leave the Union. This volume describes the implementation of fundamental rights as they are anchored in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and in the European Convention on Human Rights, as well as the principles of a free democratic basic order and other values, to which the Christian West feels obliged.

Im 19. Jahrhundert gelang es vielen mitteleuropäischen Monarchien, mit Anpassungsstrategien und Modernisierungsleistungen ihr Fortbestehen über den sozialen und politischen Wandel auf dem Weg zur bürgerlichen Gesellschaft zu sichern. Diese Studie fragte nach den Instrumenten, mit denen die monarchische Kultur ihren Untertanen neue Identifikationspotenziale zur Stabilisierung ihrer Herrschaft anbot. Mit dem Kro¿nungs- und Ordensfest wird am preußischen Beispiel gezeigt, dass die Hohenzollern-Monarchie schon seit Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts eine neue kulturelle Praktik etablierte, um breitere Bevölkerungsschichten verstärkt in das monarchische System einzubeziehen, kollektive Emotionen für die Monarchie zu nutzen und diese durch feierliche Vergemeinschaftung zu regulieren. Durch die u¿bersta¿ndische Verleihung von Orden und Ehrenzeichen sowie die okkasionelle Öffnung des Hofzeremoniells für Unterstützer der Krone und des Staates weit jenseits des traditionellen Hofrangreglements vereinigte das Kro¿nungs- und Ordensfest gleich zwei Strategien in sich, mit denen in neuem Umfang eine affirmative Beziehung zwischen Krone und Untertanen evoziert werden sollte.

»The Influence of European State Aid Law on National Tax Benefits. An Illustrative Analysis with Special Regard to Tax Rulings and Profit Shifting«Subject of the thesis is the interplay between European state aid law and national tax law with special focus on tax rulings. It is demonstrated that the use of state aid law for purely tax law purposes, the avoidance of profit shifting and tax-free company profits, is misguided. At the same time, this use of state aid law shifts the balance of competences in the Union to the detriment of the Member States.

»Sections 1149, 1229 of the German Civil Code as a Starting Point for a General Legal Principle of Prohibition of Forfeiture (Verfallverbot). A historical, dogmatic and economic analysis of the lex commissoria«This thesis focuses on the prohibition of forfeiture (Verfallverbot) expressed in sec. 1149, 1229 German Civil Code (BGB). The historical, dogmatic and economic analysis of the norms clarifies their scope and limits. As a result, it is shown that the purpose of the prohibition is to protect the debtor from himself. It prevents him from promising the pledged object to the creditor at the beginning in the hope of paying the debt in time after all. Contrary to the case law of the German Federal Supreme Court (BGH), the purpose of the norm is to be extended to other collateral security by means of a general principle of law. The legal structure of the principle is derived from the previous results and is presented at the end.

»International Humanitarian Law and Non-State Actors. NGOs and the Tension between Necessary Cooperation with Armed Non-State Actors and Public Security Interests«: Compliance with international humanitarian law by armed non-state actors is critical for the protection of civilians in non-international armed conflicts. A detailed analysis shows that NGOs can at times reach out to armed non-state actors more easily and engage them to respect the law. Despite this necessity of cooperation, NGOs increasingly encounter obstacles due to public security interests and counter-terrorism legislation.