Bücher veröffentlicht von LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

This book deals with the examination of the opportunities that are available to learners of English language in the communicative language teaching method principles' and the challenges that are encountering both the learners and the teachers in their attempt of developing their communicative competence. Thus,the different parts of communicative competence such such Linguistic, Socio-linguistic, Discourse and Strategic competences are seen in detail. This book shows the concept of each competences and how each competence can be assessed and how each competence and how the main competence, communicative competence can be inferred from the performance of the learners.Accordingly, the communicative competence of grade 12 students was measured and the results were shown in the study. This shows about the goal of communicative competence,which is developing communicative competence of the learners through the use of all available human,technological,material and various resources in the educational grounds. Similarly, It creates awareness about the hurdles that both teachers and students face in implementing the communicative language teaching approaches.

Awtor analiziruet na osnowe dostupnyh statisticheskih dannyh razwitie i rol' w mirowom hozqjstwe neftedobywaüschih stran na primere Indonezii, Irana i Saudowskoj Arawii wo wtoroj polowine XX ¿ nachale XXI ww. On fokusiruet swoö wnimanie na klüchewyh processah äkonomicheskogo, politicheskogo i obschestwennogo razwitiq ätih stran w period posle Vtoroj mirowoj wojny. Teoreticheskie ramki issledowaniq ohwatywaüt, glawnym obrazom, neoklassicheskie i ändogennye modeli äkonomicheskogo rosta. Dlq äkonometricheskogo analiza byla wybrana, w perwuü ochered', t.n. obschaq, ili mirowaq model' rosta, postroennaq professorom D'ördem Shimonom-starshim (1930¿2008) na baze dannyh 131 strany mira, w tom chisle neftedobywaüschih. Jeta ändogennaq model' kal'dorowskogo tipa uchitywaet na tol'ko fizicheskij i chelowecheskij kapital, no i wremq kak sobytijnoe prostranstwo kreatiwnoj äkonomicheskoj deqtel'nosti. Ona delaet wozmozhnym srawnenie obschej faktornoj äffektiwnosti s mirowym urownem.

This book's elementary focuses are addressing the various challenges of the vehicular cloud environment and developing scheduling and migration algorithms. Here, we consider various influencing factors like speed, parking time, mobility pattern, vehicles¿ energy source, resource utilization, energy consumption, and cost in the algorithms¿ development process to achieve better performance. In the beginning, we propose a dynamic service migration (DSM) algorithm for vehicular clouds. The algorithm consists of three phases, estimation, assignment and migration. The performance analysis is carried out through simulationusing two scenarios of six datasets, and compared with three well-known algorithms, namely vehicular VM migration-uniform (VVMM-U), round robin and mobility and destination workload aware migration (MDWLAM) using four performance measures. The comparison results followed by statistical validation using T test show the superiority of the proposed algorithm over the existing algorithms.

Before proceeding with orthodontic treatment, both the patient and the orthodontist should reflect on the risks and the benefits of the proposed treatment. Most of the adverse effects of orthodontic treatment can be easily avoided by undertaking certain precautions during the treatment. Patient¿s attitude is also an important factor in ensuring predictable and successful treatment outcomes. The orthodontist must counsel the patient, ascertain his or her expectations and assess whether they are realistic. Some patients, particularly those contemplating surgery, may expect a radical change in their personal life or have expectations of restoring a failing marriage and are high liability cases to treat because of over expectation from the proposed treatment. They must be recognized at the start and the limitations must be explained to them. With vigilant selection, diagnosis, treatment planning, monitoring, timely intervention, and good patient cooperation, we can ensure that the majority of orthodontic patients benefit by improved facial and dental aesthetics as well as function, without any unwanted side effects at the end of treatment.

After seven preceding sets of practical exercises laid forward in preceding manuscripts, I have inspired from my core ICT academic and research experience to produce this manuscript. Here, a successive set of 35 cohesively written practical exercises in softwares, pertaining to the field of Multimedia and Entertainment, entrepreneurship and leadership skills, is laid forward, in a similar style as in the preceding manuscripts. Such exercises apply better to beginner levels in university courses. Of course, its applicability to advanced level courses may be appreciated by many academicians to their discretion. It is retained here that adaptations of these exercises by academicians to their requirements is very possible. It is recommended for students to devise good/workable summary sheets for each exercise, along with writing proper report and referencing needed. For each exercise, a share of analysis is required to develop thinking and critical/professional abilities. Most exercises are devised for computers/laptops along with currently trending smart phones/tablets. Students must communicate properly with their coach, who in turn, are recommended to perform judicious follow-ups.

Microbial fuel has showed a lot of promise in solving the three key sustainability issues the world is currently grappling with: energy security, global warming, and wastewater treatment. It is regarded as a clean energy replacement. Improvements and alterations have been performed to boost the power output and reach the goal. This book provides a concise explanation of the fundamentals of the Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), including its operation, the use of various bacteria, chemical reaction details at the cathode and anode, distinct MFC types, features for heavy metal removal, and its many applications.

Current work deals with the properties of various generalizations of the Fibonacci sequence. This book is divided into four chapters which comprise some important definitions, notations and Number Theoretic results, an introduction to the sequence {Gn }of Generalized Fibonacci numbers and some identities derived from it. It also includes an explicit formula for the nth Generalized Fibonacci number {Gn} and different forms for {Gn} which helps to compute its successor and predecessor. The formula for the number of digits of {Gn } has also been derived in the present work. An interesting combination of the Fibonacci and Lucas sequence, its properties and several identities have also been presented along with it.

Chemistry is the science and study of matter, including its properties, composition as well as reactivity. Chemistry relates to everything that can be sensed from the minute elements to complex structures. The atom and molecules are the basic unit or components of Chemistry. The study of chemistry is always interested in identifying and knowing how the chemical transformation occurs. It plays an essential role in science and plays a central role in daily life activities.The principles of chemicals are quite varied and are essentially important which includes chemical industries, manufacturing fertilizers, acids, alkalis, salts, drugs, soaps, etc. Chemistry also acts as a major determinant in meeting the human needs for food, healthcare products, and also other materials that are aimed at improving the life¿s quality.

What Are Genetic Disorders ? According to the National Human Genome Research Institute, a genetic disorder is a "disease caused in whole or in part by a change in the DNA sequence away from the normal sequence."Our book "Guide to the Most Common Genetic Disorders (Symptoms, Causes/Genetic profiles, Types and Inheritance)" is written in outline format for ease of use. It is of great value to medical geneticists, genetic counselors, pediatricians, neonatologists, developmental pediatricians, perinatologists, obstetricians, neurologists, pathologists, and any physicians and health care professionals caring for handicapped children such as craniofacial surgeons, plastic surgeons, otolaryngologists, and orthopedists. It is the definitive volume for helping all physicians to understand and recognize genetic diseases and malformation syndromes and better evaluate, counsel, and manage affected patients.There are a number of the most common genetic disorders that can commonly occur in people. Here are just many of them and everything that you need to know about them. Just we divided the text to many parts according to alphabet diseases that is the PART ONE.

The prime purpose of the book entitled "Introduction to Contemporary American Literature" provides insights into the selected terms, drama and poetry written by contemporary American, African-American and American Diasporic writers. The book caters information about the background topics such as Development of Postmodern American Drama, Theatre of the Absurd, Broadway and Off-Broadway Theatre, Black Art Movement, Multiculturalism in American Literature, Beat Generation and Confessional Poetry. Further the selected works of Edward Albee, Adrienne Rich, Robert Lowell, Maya Angelou, Meena Alexander, Allen Ginsberg are expounded in the book to acquaint the readers with the contemporary American Literature and corresponding literary trends vis-a-vis.

In this research, we are interested to know how much a new communication technology affects the Iranian consumer. Can it change the culture? Can it change the entertainment field? Can it change the business transactions? Which group of people is influenced more by these new tools? From the telephone companies¿ point of view, what strategy should they choose? Should the companies change the strategy for the smart phone? Why and how?In chapter 2 we will look at the importance of smart phones and their characteristics. In chapter 3 we will talk about the overview of the Iran Market and compare the potential of the Iran market, using the Internet in Iran, with Middle Eastern countries. In addition, the history of the entertainment in Iran and the role of the religion in business transaction, combined with the law of the business in Iran would be investigated.

Monitoring field water storage in agricultural field is an important task to estimate the water availability and irrigation management. Water depth stored in haveli field is a specific requirement of the computation of runoff and recharge through these fields. Remote Sensing data obtained through Satellite in all visible and NIR region might be helpful for such requirements. A experimental study is made to assess the utility of different bands for differentiating depth of storage in field.

Occasionally, general dentists are challenged with providing restorative treatment for a patient who has had moderate to severe root resorption. When this happens, a number of questions often arise in the minds of dentists: What causes root resorption? Is it due to heavy orthodontic forces placed on the teeth? Is the tendency for root resorption inherited? What is the prognosis for teeth that have had significant root resorption? Will the resorptive process continue? Can these teeth be safely restored? Do they require root canal therapy? Do they need to be splinted to the adjacent teeth? Should they be replaced with implants? What if the patient requires further orthodontic therapy? Will the resorption continue? Get worse? How does all of this affect the placement of restorations? The answers to these questions are important for the dentist who inherits a patient with significant root resorption and incorrect diagnosis might result in inappropriate treatment in certain cases.

Nanotechnology operates at the nanoscale, below 100 nanometers, precisely manipulating material properties for diverse applications. This interdisciplinary field merges physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, and engineering to craft innovative solutions, with nanomaterials offering customization for specific purposes. In medicine, nanotech revolutionizes drug delivery, enhancing targeting, efficacy, and reducing side effects, especially in cancer treatment, where nanoparticles directly deliver chemotherapy, preserving healthy tissue. It also improves medical imaging resolution and enables rapid disease diagnostics through nanoscale sensors. In dentistry, nanomaterials like nanocomposite fillings enhance both durability and aesthetics, and nanotechnology contributes to tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry by creating scaffolds for tooth and gum regeneration while employing antibacterial nanoparticles in dental materials to reduce infection risks. The book predominantly explores nanotechnology's vital applications in medicine and dentistry.

In "Drug Design: A Quick Guide," the author Miss Janaki pharmaceutical discovery. Designed as a concise and accessible resource for both newcomers and seasoned researchers in the field, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the essential concepts and techniques involved in the process of designing life-changing medications.With clarity and precision, janaki delves into the intricate art and science of drug design, offering readers a practical and step-by-step approach to unraveling the mysteries of molecular pharmacology. Whether you're a student aspiring to enter the world of drug discovery or a professional seeking a handy reference, this guide equips you with the knowledge and tools to navigate the complexities of this dynamic field.

The study entitled ¿Marketing Behaviour of Vegetable Growers of Jharkhand¿ was undertaken with a view to analyse the socio-economic attributes of vegetable growers, determine their marketing behaviour, correlate the socio-economic attributes with the marketing behaviour & constraints faced by them with suggestions to overcome these problems. The study was conducted in East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand. Both purposive and random sampling procedures were followed for selection of the state, district, blocks, villages and the respondents. The sample size covered 120 vegetable growers from 10 villages & response was obtained from each individual respondent with the help of a structured interview schedule pretested with 10 percent samples other than the respondents of the study.

The purpose of this work was to study the effect of chemical surface properties of activated carbons for their use in water purification. To achieve this objective, activated carbon in both granular and powdered forms namely: as received and devolatilized carbons were prepared. Proximate analysis of the carbon materials was performed. Mass titration experiments were carried out to determine the point of zero charge of the activated carbon materials. Again, using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, the adsorption of phenol on as-received and devolatilized activated carbon was investigated. Adsorption isotherms were acquired from which the monolayer adsorption capacities were calculated.

Multivariate analysis is a type of statistical analysis, which consists of more than two dependent variables which results in single outcome. Many real world problems are examples of multivariate equations because whatever happens in the world is due to multiple reasons. Multivariate analysis is very important as it enables to understand the relationship between multiple variables and forecast and predict the behavior of variables based on observations. Multivariate techniques are used to analyze dataset. It also measures latent variables by building structural equation model. It also helps in reduction and simplification of data without losing its important details. It helps in statistical inference of multiple independent as well as dependent variables.

The book entitled "An Introduction to Literary Theory and Criticism" provides conceptual information about the selected critical terms and concepts, essays and critical approaches. Ther first unit of the book caters insights into the terms such as Literary Criticism (Nature, scope & function), Qualification of a Good Critic, Theory of imitation, Catharsis, Imagery, Affective and Intentional Fallacy. The second unit of the book deals with Bharata's 'Theory of Rasa' and Kuntaka's 'Vakrokti Sidhanta' (Theory of Poetry). The third unit of the book expounds William Wordsworth's 'Preface to Lyrical Ballads' and Charles Lamb's 'On the Tragedies of Shakespeare'. The fourth unit of the book explains critical approaches such as Biographical Approach, Marxist Approach, Psychoanalytical Approach and Feminist Approach...

School feeding refers to provision of meal to school children. However, the form of school feeding can be classified into two main groups based on their modalities: in-school feeding, where children are feed in school; and take-home rations, where families are given food their children attend school. In-school feeding can also be divided into two common categories: programs that provide meals and programs that provide high energy biscuits or snacks to elementary school children. World Food Program stated that School Feeding Programs are far more than food-giving.The main objective of this study was to assess the academic performance on governmental primary school feeding program and associated factors in Addis Ketema sub city, Ethiopia.

Indigenous language engineering refers to the development of lexicological frameworks aimed at facilitating the production of indigenous technical terms to reflect technological thought in African languages. The premise for this is that, technology being a universal phenomenon, its linguistic rendition could actually lead to its physical creation. Some linguists posit that people visualize best what their languages express in words. This work outlines strategies to evolve lexicological means by which African languages can be structured to establish a technological consciousness in African speakers based on what the author calls technical language models. The work also serves as an African experiment whereby languages of the Niger-Congo phylum are structured along with apparently disparate languages of the Indo-European language family.

A fundamental contributor to the green revolution has been the development and application of pesticides for the control of wide variety of insectivorous and herbivorous pests which would otherwise diminish the quantity and quality of food products. The use of pesticides coincides with the ¿chemical age¿ which has been transformed the society since 1950s. In the areas where intensive monoculture is practiced, pesticides are used as a standard method for pest control. Unfortunately, with the merits of chemistry, pesticides have also on the contrary some demerits which are so deleterious that they now threaten the long-term survival of major ecosystems by disruption of predator-prey relationships and loss of biodiversity. Moreover, pesticides can pose significant human health hazards.

The overall characterizations of the phosphors lead us to conclude the formation of the phosphor for different applications. However the overall conclusion is the chemistry of the phosphors are yet to be fully understood by various competitional techniques as well as through other characterization techniques. Because of the lack of many other characterization techniques we could do only PL, XRD, FT-IR, SEM and Particle size only. For further research these phosphors can be prepared through different chemical routes and also can be tried in devices like CFL and LEDs.

Ground state properties of iron-nickel alloys have been well explained using room temperature XRD, room temperature and low temperature resistivity, magnetic and XPS measurements. Signature of crystal field effect, spin glass reentrant, antiferromagnetic coupling, martensitic phase transition, core level shift, low temperature core level broadening, 6 eV satellites, Auger spectroscopy, valence band spectroscopy correlate theoretical model electronic structure of iron-nickel alloys. Instrumental techniques have been explained in a very lucid way in detail to provide a detail idea about the experimental techniques to the readers.

Investigates the efficacy of E- Recruitment via social networking sites, focusing on engineering students from AICTE- approved institutions and HR recruiters in Andhra Pradesh. Key highlights include a comprehensive analysis of the impact of E- Recruitment methods, the matching of skills and job requirements, and the overall satisfaction of both job seekers and recruiters. The study sheds light on the evolving landscape of talent acquisition, providing insights that can enhance the recruitment process for the engineering sector in Andhra Pradesh.

The monograph talks about the nature and forms of education as a socio-philosophical and pedagogical process, modern educational models, its types and forms, the social foundations of education and the characteristics of its social development, the formation of educational culture in the post-industrial society, modern philosophical problems of education, development factors of society and education.The monograph can be useful for teachers, graduate students, doctoral students, and researchers.

According to 2010 report teen childbearing is associated with adverse health and social outcomes for teen mothers and their children although these outcomes often reflect pre-existing social deficits. Compared with women who delay childbearing until their 20¿s teen mothers are more likely to drop out of school and have low educational attainment to face unemployment, poverty and welfare dependency to experience more rapid repeat pregnancy to become single mothers and to experience divorce if they marry. Infants of teen mothers are more likely to be premature and experience infant mortality. The children of teenage mothers do less well on indicators of health and social wellbeing than do children of older mothers. In recognition of the negative, long-term consequences associated with teenage pregnancy and births the prevention of out-of wedlock pregnancies is a major goal of this nation. Reducing no marital childbearing is one of the explicit goals that were stipulated in the 1996 welfare reform law.

The objective of this book is to provide a detailed study about Lithium based ferrites in point of view of their applications as electrodes in lithium ion batteries. The prepared materials have unique physical and electrical properties. In this work, an attempt has been made to understand the electrical properties in lithium ferrite and lithium ferrite substituted by cerium. The lithium based ferrites was prepared by solution combustion synthesis as well as solid state reaction route. Again the lithium ferrite substituted by cerium were prepared by solution combustion synthesis route. XRD results showed the confirmation of the crystalline nature of the materials with cubic inverse spinel structure. Finally, density measurements showed that there is an increase in the density with increase of Cerium concentration. The impedance and modulus studies have been carried out and the data were fitted to the Cole-Cole and Bergman functions respectively to analyze the relaxation process. The shape of the imaginary part of the modulus suggests that the relaxation processes in these ferrites are of non-Debye in nature.

An English-Arabic Dictionary of Law and JurisprudenceArabic language has attained the status of an International language. United Nations has adopted Arabic as one of its six official languages. Arabic language plays a vital role in the commercial and the cultural fields in the globalizational era. Arabic is a very rich language, which can be compared to an ocean without any limits of depth or width.This work is designed to meet the needs of Terminology used in the Law and Jurisprudence Disciplines through Arabic-English for communication at the graduate and post-graduate levels in the colleges and universities. Special attention has been made by providing the list of terminology used in the law field.The need for a book on Terminology Employed in Law and Jurisprudence Disciplines has long been felt. The purpose of this work is to train the students in the day-today affairs from Arabic into English and vice-versa, by providing worked out terminologies. It is hoped that this book will greatly help those students and readers who wish to learn and practice Arabic-English terminologies, requirements and development of professional students in terms of law usage.

¿¿Interactive Decision Theory¿¿ would perhaps be a more descriptive name for the Game Theory discipline. This discipline concerns the behavior of decision-makers whose decisions affect each other. When we deal with the studies of interactive decision-making, where the decision for each participant or player depends upon the action of all, while choosing one course of action or strategy one has to think about the choices of others keeping in mind other's choices and the fact that others are also thinking in the same way it would seem that such thinking about thinking must be so complex and subtle that its successful practice must remain an arcane art. recognizing and thinking of such complex pattern often resist logical analysis but many aspects of strategy can be studied and systematized into a science called Game Theory. This book is a brief journey of the growth & flow of this theory.