What Makes an Employee Happy and Productive?

A total of 193 employees at a Northern University in Canada participated in this study. It was found: (a) the hierarchy culture was most prevalent, followed by the adhocracy culture, the market culture and then the clan culture; and (b) the type of organizational culture was significantly related to stress, productivity, and enjoyment of work. Employees working in a clan culture reported the lowest levels of stress, and highest levels of productivity and enjoyment, followed by those in the adhocracy and hierarchy cultures, then the market culture. Implications for organizational leaders are discussed.